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Grapes belong to the category of crops that many gardeners prefer to grow on their site. After all, adults and children like its juicy tasty fruits, and the variety of species allows you to choose a variety based on your personal preferences. Selection also contributed to the wide spread of this southern culture, since it made it possible to obtain grapes with high frost resistance and excellent consumer qualities. But for the successful cultivation of vines, a special support is needed. Do-it-yourself trellis for grapes will create favorable conditions for its development. Indeed, in this case, the gardener will be able to take into account the characteristics of each particular variety.
The support increases the productivity of the crop, improves the presentation of the bunches
Why do you need a wallpaper
Grapes are distinguished by increased flexibility of shoots, which can break under gusts of wind, especially during fruiting under the load of the crop. This determines the need to tie them to the support. In addition, this culture is sun-loving. With a lack of lighting, you should not count on a good harvest. And if the vine is not tied up in a timely manner to the support, then the sun’s rays will not be able to break through the shoots, which will lead to a decrease in productivity.
Trellis when growing grapes:
- improves air circulation between vines;
- reduces the likelihood of developing fungal diseases;
- contributes to a greater accumulation of nutrients in fruits;
- increases the percentage of maturation of the young vine;
- minimizes breakage of shoots under gusts of wind;
- accelerates the ripening of grapes;
- simplifies planting care.
Types of trellis for grapes
There are several basic types of trellises that are suitable for grapes, and you can make them yourself. The choice depends on the variety of the cultivated crop, the planting pattern, and the pruning technology used.
But it should be understood that it is not worth delaying the installation of the supporting structure, because in the third year after planting the grapes begin to bear fruit. This means that by this time the vine will already have grown a sufficient number of shoots, and its root system will increase significantly. And if by this time the support is not installed, then this will negatively affect the further development of the grapes.
One-plane trellis for grapes
This type of trellis is considered the most affordable and uncomplicated, so making such a support with your own hands will not be difficult. When using it, the grapes develop on the same plane. And the structure itself consists of several support pillars with rows of wire stretched between them.
On a single-plane trellis, which you can make with your own hands, the plant receives a sufficient amount of light and is well ventilated. Such a support is suitable for technical, decorative varieties. It gives the possibility of unlimited access to the vine for the purpose of pruning, processing throughout the entire growing season. At the same time, agricultural and flower crops can be grown between the rows of plantings, which saves space on the site.
Such a design will not withstand grape varieties characterized by high growth vigor, which annually form many new shoots.
Single-plane trellis suitable for covering grapes, low varieties
Two-plane trellis for grapes
A support for grapes can also be two-plane, it can also be made by hand. This design is preferred by gardeners engaged in professional cultivation of crops and having a large plot. This type will withstand table crop varieties.
In this case, the vine, as well as the growing shoots, are located on two planes, which contributes to their uniform distribution and the ripening of clusters.
Two-plane tapestries are of the following types:
- straight lines – the planes are located opposite each other;
- oblique – the letter V;
- Y-shaped – the upper part of the structure departs from the central pillar at an angle of 45-60 °.
Building such a support with your own hands requires a lot of material costs, time, but it turns out a solid structure. It makes it possible to double the yield by increasing the fruit sleeves.
A two-plane support must be installed for grapes with high growth strength.
Decorative trellis for grapes
A trellis with a vine wrapped around it is considered by many gardeners as an element of landscape design. Therefore, summer residents most often choose decorative types of structures. They can be made with your own hands in the form of pergolas, arches, arbors.
A beautiful trellis for grapes will look spectacular on the site, but it will not be able to increase crop yields.
A decorative support is most often made of wood, which increases its aesthetic qualities.
The choice of material for the trellis
Any gardener can correctly make a trellis for grapes with his own hands, but initially you need to decide on the type of material. Several options can be considered. The difference between them lies in the cost, technique of work.
Possible options:
- Wood. This is an affordable material from which do-it-yourself supports are made in a small area. Pillars made of wood are stable, able to withstand a large tensile force. The disadvantage of wood is that it is prone to decay. And part of the pile, which will be in the ground, will become unusable in 5-6 years. But it is possible to extend the life of such a design if the workpieces are abundantly poured with 5% Bordeaux mixture, and then the lower part is painted with bitumen.
Proper woodworking helps slow down the rotting process.
- Metal. If you make a trellis with your own hands from this material, then it will be durable. But the gardener must have certain skills in working with metal. For such a structure to be stable, it must be concreted into the soil. Before installation, the metal trellis should be painted. This will prevent rust.
Metal is able to withstand any load
- Plastic, profile pipes. A trellis made of these materials will cost no more than the previous options. It has a long service life, as it is not subject to rotting, rust. Moreover, these materials do not need to be processed before installation, since they do not interact with moisture, fertilizers. Plastic and profile pipes are able to bend, but not break. They can be used to make an arch, a gazebo with your own hands.
Plastic, shaped pipes are not suitable for tall crops
The height and dimensions of the trellis for grapes
Before you start making a support with your own hands, you need to calculate its dimensions and height. The length of the trellis should be 2-2,5 m. And between them a wire with a diameter of 4 mm will be stretched every 40-50 cm in order to timely tie the grapes to the trellis.
The height of the structure depends on the variety of crop and the region of cultivation. For covering species in the central, northern regions, it is necessary to install supports 2,5-3 m high, taking into account that 50 cm will be buried in the ground. In the southern regions, for table crops, the construction must be done with your own hands at least 3,5-4 m, also taking into account the fact that half a meter will be in the ground.
How to make a support for grapes with your own hands
Making a trellis with your own hands will not be difficult if you familiarize yourself with the type of work ahead and prepare the material and tools. In the future, it remains only to take into account the recommendations and, if necessary, improve the design at your discretion.
Trellis for grapes from a profile pipe
Using this material, you can make a trellis with your own hands with minimal labor. Any gardener can make a design.
Required:
- 8 profile pipes;
- 30-40 m of wire;
- 8 crossbars;
- rubble, cement.
Do-it-yourself trellis installation procedure:
- Dig holes in 70 cm increments.
- Install two pipes in them slightly at an angle in different directions and pour cement with crushed stone at the base, fix.
- From above connect them with crossbars.
- Make holes in the pipes with a drill, the first at a height of 50 cm from the ground, and the next after 40-45 cm.
- Pull copper wire through them, fix it.
Tapestry from profile pipes will last for many years
Trellis for grapes from plastic pipes
This material is highly resistant to adverse external factors. But the support for grapes made of plastic pipes is unable to withstand the increased load of the crop. To increase the strength of the structure, it is necessary to initially install reinforcement in the prepared holes and fill it with cement mortar, and then string plastic pipes on it.
After that, it remains only to stretch the transverse rows of wire and fix them.
The trellis of plastic pipes must be carefully fixed so that it does not tilt
Wooden trellis for grapes
Given the features of this material, you need to pre-process it before installing the trellis with your own hands. This must be done in advance so that the parts can dry thoroughly before starting work.
To make a trellis for grapes from wood with your own hands, you will need:
- poles with a diameter of 15 cm;
- wire with a cross section of 4 mm;
- sand, cement.
Do-it-yourself work order:
- Dig holes at a distance of 70 cm;
- Install poles in them;
- Fill with a solution of sand and cement;
- Stretch the rows of wire after 40-50 cm.
Wooden structure needs to be replaced more often than others
Do-it-yourself metal trellises for grapes
To make a support with your own hands from metal, you need to have a welding machine. But this design is durable and high strength. Experienced gardeners mainly use trellises made of rebar for grapes, since the material costs are quite justified.
Required:
- 6 pipes with a diameter of 4-5 cm and a length of 2,5-3,5 m;
- 2 jumpers of 130 cm;
- wire with a cross section of 40 mm;
- crushed stone;
- cement.
How to make a tapestry with your own hands:
- Weld from the pipe in a V-shape.
- Dig holes at a distance of 1,2 m.
- Install the obtained blanks in them, cement them.
- After the solution has solidified, connect them from above with horizontal jumpers.
- Pull the wire in increments of 40-50 cm.
Metal structure requires periodic painting
Choosing a place to install a trellis for grapes
For the trellis to bring maximum benefit, you need to install it in the direction from north to south. In this case, the grapes will be well lit at any time of the day. And this contributes to high yields, improves the taste of fruits, accelerates the ripening of clusters.
How to tie grapes in spring to a trellis
Caring for this culture involves the timely tying of the vine to the support. This will allow the shoots to fully develop and reduce the load on them.
You need to start tying the grapes to the trellis in early spring. The procedure should be carried out before the buds open.
Garter rules in spring:
- Fix the elongated sleeves of the vine to the transverse jumpers at an angle of 50-60 °.
- Tie replacement shoots to the bottom wire.
- You need to fix the vine with a soft twine or cloth.
- Tie the old shoots of the vine at a right angle, otherwise they may break.
Throughout the season, the grapes grow young shoots. To protect it from gusts of wind, it is necessary to make a summer garter of grapes. You need to carry out the procedure several times as new shoots grow.
Conclusion
Do-it-yourself trellis for grapes will be able to take into account all the features of the selected crop variety. It can be made from different types of material. But it should be understood that it is better to immediately establish a strong, reliable structure than to change it later when the grapes are already growing. Because it will lead to lower yields.
