Diseases of cabbage in the open field and their control

Diseases of cabbage in the open field is a phenomenon that every gardener can encounter. There are numerous diseases that can damage crops. The method of treatment directly depends on what kind of infection struck the cabbage. Therefore, before the procedures, it is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis, based on the symptoms present.

Features of white cabbage diseases

The main reason for the development of diseases is a violation of the technology of planting and subsequent care. Many varieties of cabbage are considered unpretentious. However, for full growth they require certain conditions.

Cabbage diseases are of infectious origin. Pathogenic microorganisms infect individual parts of the plant, causing the death of plant cells and subsequent decay. Harmful bacteria and fungi are activated in the presence of favorable factors.

Among them:

• high humidity;
• stagnation of moisture in the soil;
• planting in acidic soil;
• improper storage of seedlings;
• excess organic matter in the soil;
• irrigation with contaminated water.

The fungus that affects cabbage lives in the ground, is introduced with seedlings and harmful insects

Other infected plants can act as a source of infection. Most often, fungi and bacteria are transmitted from eggplant, peppers and tomatoes.

Description of cabbage diseases and their control

The plant is susceptible to various types of infection. Therefore, you should consider the most common diseases of cabbage in the open field. This will allow you to take timely therapeutic measures and save the crop from possible death.

cabbage keel

A fungal disease caused by Plasmodiophora spores. Pathology affects mainly young plants that have recently been planted in an open area. The disease also occurs on seedlings if it is open and regularly ventilated.

Kila affects the root system of the plant. Because of this, it cannot fully eat and begins to fade. Affected heads of cabbage lag behind in development and take root poorly, which is why they can be removed from the soil without any difficulty.

The disease is accompanied by the appearance of growths on the roots, often appears in young seedlings.

Specific treatment measures are not used. Affected plants are removed from the soil, preventing infection of nearby cabbages. If the disease has affected the seedlings, it is strictly forbidden to plant it in the ground.

Other crops can be planted in the soil in which the cabbage affected by clubroot has grown. The only condition is that the plants should not belong to the cruciferous family.

Peronosporoz

This disease is also known as powdery mildew. Pathology is provoked by the fungi Peronospora brassicae. It is one of the most common diseases among vegetable crops.

Signs of pathology:

1. The appearance of gray and yellowish spots on the leaves.
2. Pale plaque on the plant.
3. Death of affected areas.

Downy mildew appears on both young and mature plants

The main cause of the disease is high humidity. In the absence of timely measures, the infection affects plantings and can lead to crop loss.

To combat the fungus, the drugs “Fitoftorin” and “Ridomil Gold” are recommended. For medicinal purposes, Bordeaux mixture is also used.

Video on preparing a cure for white cabbage diseases:

Fuzarioz

A fungal disease that causes wilting at different growing seasons. The infection penetrates into the vessels of the plant, preventing the proper nutrition of the cells. In agriculture, Fusarium wilt is often called cabbage jaundice, which is associated with the symptoms of such a disease.

Main manifestations:

1. The appearance of yellow spots between the veins of the leaf plate.
2. Wish list.
3. Cob deformation.
4. Brown spots on the cut of the leaf at the base.

Fusarium leads to cell death and wilting of the plant

Affected heads of cabbage cannot be cured of the fungus. They must be removed from the soil to prevent infection of neighboring plants.

Systemic fungicides are used to control the disease. The drugs “Tekto”, “Topsin-M”, “Benomyl”, “Titusim” are recognized as the most effective. They need to be periodically treated with healthy plants to prevent infection by the fungus.

Fomoz

The disease is known among gardeners as dry rot. It is provoked by fungi Phoma lingam.

Pathology is accompanied by the formation of light gray spots with black dots inside. The lesion extends to leaves and roots. The stem of young plants usually becomes infected when the seed is infected.

Phomosis is often transmitted by fungal spores.

The disease affects the plant at high humidity and a temperature of 20-24 degrees. When a fungus appears, diseased cabbage must be removed from the soil. For prevention, planting is treated with fungicides.

White rot

This is the most common cabbage disease during storage. It can also occur on mature plants.

Main features:

1. The appearance of rot on a head of cabbage near the surface of the soil.
2. Change in color of outer leaves.
3. Softening of affected tissues.
4. Gradual decay of the whole plant.

High humidity and rainy weather promote white rot.

There are no specific methods of dealing with such a disease. It is necessary to remove leaves of cabbage that have begun to rot. After that, the plant is treated with an antifungal agent. In many cases, this allows the fruit to be preserved if the decay process is superficial and has not spread to the inner leaves of the cabbage.

Mosaic

The disease is provoked by viral microorganisms. The infection can affect both early and mature cabbage. Some ornamental plants are the source of the virus. Also, pathogenic microorganisms can enter the soil when treated with non-sterile fertilizers or when watering.

Infection is facilitated by improper processing of bushes or infected crops that are in the neighborhood

Because of this symptomatology, the mosaic is often called cabbage black spot. The disease is considered incurable. Infected plants are removed from the soil, isolating from healthy ones.

Blackleg

The disease develops in the early stages of the growing season. Usually the disease affects cabbage seedlings immediately after planting in open ground.

Main reasons:

1. The technology of growing seedlings is broken.
2. Landing was made in contaminated soil.
3. The outflow of fluid in the soil is disturbed, due to which moisture is increased.
4. Organic remains of infected plants were used as fertilizer.

The black leg, unlike other cabbage diseases, is provoked by several types of fungi. The main similarity lies in the fact that pathogenic spores affect the root system of the plant.

The rot spreads from the root to the bottom leaves of the cabbage

It is impossible to cure the black leg. The plant will either die or grow defective. However, infection can be prevented. To do this, you need to treat cabbage seeds with fungicides before sowing. On the eve of planting seedlings, it is necessary to disinfect the soil, and also make sure that it is not too acidic.

Mucous bacteriosis

The disease is caused by gram-negative pathogens. Bacteria enter the plant through small wounds. They are also able to get into the head from the soil with water, spread by insects.

Usually bacteriosis develops in the summer. The pathogen actively multiplies at a temperature of 25-27 degrees and a humidity of 50%.

In the photo of the cabbage disease, mucus is visible due to a bacterial infection.

Mucous bacteriosis appears on cabbage during cultivation and storage

It is possible to get rid of mucous bacteriosis only in the early stages. The affected leaves are removed from the plant, the head is treated with an antibacterial fungicide. If the bacteriosis has spread to the inner leaves, the cabbage must be removed from the soil, since it can no longer be treated.

Prevention of diseases of cabbage

The disease can be prevented if the cultivation technology is followed. In addition, there are a number of preventive measures. They can significantly reduce the risk of disease and crop loss.

Prevention methods:

1. Disinfection of seeds before sowing seedlings of cabbage.
2. Maintaining optimal levels of humidity and temperature.
3. Regular airing of seedlings after germination of crops.
4. Disinfection of the soil before planting.
5. Timely treatment with fungicides.
6. Control of pests that carry the infection.
7. Proper watering schedule.
8. Competent crop rotation of plant crops on the site.

For the prevention of diseases, it is recommended to treat the seeds before planting.

Such activities will not only help reduce the risk of disease. They also have a positive effect on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the crop.

Gardeners tips

Additional recommendations are useful for both beginners and experienced vegetable growers. A few simple tips will help prevent cabbage diseases and their undesirable consequences.

Recommendations from experienced gardeners:

1. Before planting seedlings, wood ash should be added to the ground.
2. Lime must be applied to the contaminated soil around the plants.
3. Cabbage should not be fertilized with organic matter during the active growing season.
4. To get a good harvest, you should choose hybrid varieties that are resistant to diseases.
5. Weeds should be regularly removed from the area.
6. It is necessary to protect the cabbage from slugs and snails, as well as harmful insects that spread the infection.
7. For fertilizer, it is best to use potassium nitrate.
8. Cabbage should be watered with settled water, preferably not cold.
9. Diseased plants removed from the soil should not be used to make compost or humus.

Any antifungal and antibacterial agents must be used in strict accordance with the instructions. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the varietal characteristics of cabbage and the climatic specifics of the region.

Conclusion

Outdoor cabbage disease is a common problem that can lead to crop loss. Most diseases are not treatable. Therefore, to prevent negative consequences, it is necessary to carry out complex prevention, adherence to the cultivation technology and the rules for caring for the crop.