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When overhauling or building, everything must be taken into account – even the width and height of the doors. The dimensions of the doorways, of course, can be arbitrary, but then you will always have to make doors to order. It’s easier to comply with the standards – less costs and problems. The standard dimensions of interior doors are prescribed in GOST. Let it be old, but most of it is built on them.
Standard sizes of doorways
On the territory of the Russian Federation, there is still a standard from the times of the USSR, which describes the requirements and dimensions of doorways, interior doors. There are a lot of TU and DSTU, but they have nothing to do with standards – each manufacturer writes them for himself. You can buy doors made according to technical conditions if their quality is at their best. But doorways should be made exactly standard dimensions.
Why is it better to make them according to the standard? Because then there will be no problems with the replacement. Almost all manufacturers make doors in accordance with GOST. After all, high-rise buildings are being built taking into account all the requirements (or they should be built that way). If the opening has special dimensions, the doors will only have to be ordered. And these are high costs, and there is no guarantee that you will like the finished product.
Dimensions according to GOST
So, even with a major overhaul or construction of your own house, during the construction of interior partitions in a new building – in any case, we lay standard doorways. GOST provides for the following parameters:
- Width:
- Single leaf 700 – 900 mm (in 100 mm increments) and 1200 mm. In such doorways, it is recommended to install doors with single-leaf canvases.
- Under double-leaf (the term double-field canvases are used in the standard), openings are made with a width of 1300 mm, 1500 mm and 1900 mm.
- The standard height of the doorway can only be in two versions: 2100 mm and 2300 mm. The minimum allowable height is 2071 mm and 2271 mm, respectively.
These are the dimensions of standard doorways. No others. As for tolerances, the doorway can be narrower than the standard by 20-25 mm. In this case, it will also be possible to install a standard door block. Only the mounting gap will be smaller, which will not facilitate the work. That is, the narrowest doorway can be 675 mm (instead of 700 mm). According to the same principle, the tolerance can be calculated with respect to each standard width. It can be slightly reduced, but not more than 25 mm.
What to do if the actual dimensions do not meet the standard
What to do if a few millimeters are not enough to meet the standard? Depends on the material of the walls, as well as on the actual width of the passage. If the walls are machined, you can remove a few missing millimeters. Chop, grind, cut down. An ax, a chisel, a chisel, a grinder with a disc for concrete / brick, etc. Usually a couple of protrusions or curvature in some area interferes. If you align it, you can get closer to the desired size.
If the walls are made of very strong material, the only way to fit the opening to the standard is to reduce it to the next standard value. There are two ways: lay bricks, pieces of building blocks, plaster. The second option is to install a mortgage beam (treated with an antiseptic and dried), which, again, is covered with plaster, aligning it with the walls. In general, you understand the idea: it is more practical to bring non-standard dimensions to the standard.
Convenient sizes of interior doors
The height of the doorways is easier to determine. Everything is tied up at the height of the ceiling. Yes, and the choice is small – only two options – 2,1 m and 2,3 m. But what about the width? There are more opportunities here. In general, there are certain recommendations that relate to the minimum dimensions of doors. It is the doors, not the openings for them. The opening should be 70-100 mm wider. So, the dimensions of interior doors should be no less than the specified width:
- In technical rooms (pantries, bathrooms, baths and toilets), the recommended web width is 600 mm.
- For kitchens, the minimum is 700 mm.
- For living rooms, at least 800 mm is recommended.
Of course, you can increase the size of interior doors if the doorway allows. Reduce – at your discretion. But the narrowest door leaf that can be found on sale is 550 cm, and even then it is inconvenient for obese people with it. In the kitchen and the room where gas equipment can stand, the width of the doorways is dictated and controlled by the fire department. So it can no longer be done. Wider possible.
As for residential premises, openings can also be made in them for double doors. That is, up to the maximum permitted in GOST 1,5 meters. There may be wider ones, but this is already non-standard. In a wide opening, you can install not only conventional swing models, but also sliding or folding ones. But large and wide doors look good in large areas. So the recommended sizes of interior doors are chosen for a reason. They took into account not too large rooms in our homes.
How to determine how wide the door leaf should be installed
If the doors are just going to be replaced, the easiest way is to measure the canvas that is already standing. So you definitely can’t go wrong. If you will be installing doors for the first time, you need to measure the doorway and choose an option under it that will require minimal effort during installation.
How to measure a doorway
To choose the right size for a door or door unit, you need to know the exact dimensions of the opening in which they will be installed. Measurements are carried out using a conventional construction tape measure. Any parameter is measured at least at two points. If the difference is visually visible, you can measure more times, adjusting the position of the tape measure at your discretion.
The height of the doorway is measured at one and the other jamb, the width – at the top and bottom, approximately at a distance of 30-50 cm from the floor and the lintel. You can take measurements in the middle of the height. You also need to measure the thickness of the opening (wall thickness). It must be checked at least at two points on each side.
All measurements are recorded. It is better to do this on the doorway diagram. If there are deviations, we look at how serious the situation is and whether it can be corrected. If the bottleneck corresponds to the smallest possible standard opening, you can leave everything as it is. Otherwise, it will be necessary to try to correct the situation. It has already been described above.
But size isn’t everything. It is necessary to check whether there are deviations in geometry. The side walls of the doorways should be vertical, and the lintel – horizontal. You can check the correctness of the form using the usual building level (bubble), but it is more convenient and more accurate with the help of a level. You can check the side walls with a regular construction plumb line. If the deviations are large, they must be corrected. If their value is within a centimeter, it will be possible to compensate during installation using mounting plates and construction foam.
We select the sizes of interior doors and blocks
As already mentioned, the dimensions of interior doors are determined based on the dimensions of the existing opening. Doors are sold as a block complete with a box or only one leaf. It is more convenient to take the block – this speeds up installation. But buying a separate canvas and assembling a box will be cheaper. Here you choose either to pay less, but spend time and make extra efforts, or save time, but spend more money.
If you decide to buy a door block, make sure that its width (according to the outer dimensions of the door frame) is slightly less than the width of the opening. The minimum mounting gap is 10-15 mm, the optimal one is 25-35 mm.
When buying only a door leaf, it is assumed that it should be 80-100 mm narrower than the opening. It will be necessary to add two more jambs, and this is at least twice 25 mm each, plus a mounting gap of 10-15 mm, plus a gap on the sides of the door leaf – 5 mm. Total we get: 25 * 2 + 15 + 5 = 70 mm. This is the minimum value that must be added to the width of the door. The resulting figure must be equal to or less than the width of the doorway in which it will be installed.
Entrance door dimensions
The dimensions of the entrance door openings are also normalized. They are described in GOST 6629-88. If you want to install standard products, make openings according to the recommendations. If you are building your house, it is better not to lay the entrance doors less than the minimum width. And it’s not just the difficulty of finding the right dimensions for the canvas. The fact is that there is a very high probability that the fire or gas service will force you to redo it.
So, the standard dimensions of the entrance doors can be:
- width of the canvas
- for single-leaf – 900 mm, 1100 mm;
- for double doors – 1400 mm (700 mm + 700 mm); 1800 mm (900 mm +900 mm).
- canvas height – 2300 mm.
If we talk about what is on sale, then there are any doors. Moreover, you can order – iron or wood of any thickness. But again, this is non-standard. Although, the entrances are changed much less often than the interior ones.
A few words about what should be the doorway under the front doors. According to the same standard, it should be 70 mm wider than the leaf for single leaf doors and 72 mm wider for double leaf doors. These are the minimum values. A wider opening is possible, less is not. The height of the doorway for installing the front door should be 71 mm larger. That is, under the front door with a leaf 900 mm wide, you need an opening of at least 970 * 2371 mm. With the rest it is similar.