Dilated cardiomyopathy – what is it?

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Dilated cardiomyopathy (congestive cardiomyopathy, diagonal cardiomyopathy) is a disease that involves the pathological stretching of the heart muscle fibers, which results in the thinning of the heart muscle and then widening of the heart cavity. This leads to dysfunction in the work of the heart muscle – it usually results in heart failure, causing it to pump less blood. Most often, the left ventricle is affected first, and when the functioning of both ventricles is disturbed, death is the result. The disease can affect people of any age, it is more common in men.

Dilated cardiomyopathy – causes

Dilated cardiomyopathy it may be genetic or it may be an acquired condition. It affects 5-8 people out of 100, more men than women.

Dilated cardiomyopathy it may be genetically determined – in many cases (20-50%) it is a family disease. It can also be the result of various pathogens:

  1. previous myocarditis,
  2. pregnancy (perinatal cardiomyopathy)
  3. HIV virus,
  4. toxins
  5. stimulants – alcohol, cocaine,
  6. cytostatic drugs,
  7. sarcoidosis,
  8. neuromuscular disease,
  9. muscle tissue atrophy,
  10. metabolic disease,
  11. overactive thyroid gland.

Dilated cardiomyopathy – symptoms

Dilated cardiomyopathy can manifest itself with the following symptoms:

  1. dizziness,
  2. fainting
  3. shortness of breath (both when active and at rest),
  4. increased sweating,
  5. heart arrhythmia,
  6. palpitations,
  7. atrial fibrillation
  8. problems with sleeping,
  9. thromboembolism,
  10. pain in the chest,
  11. ascites,
  12. easy getting tired,

Dilated cardiomyopathy – diagnosis

Treatment dilated cardiomyopathy it should be started right and set at the right time diagnosis – you should see your doctor as soon as you notice any heart problems, this is very important for people who are at increased risk of developing the disease due to its family history (genetic factors).

Diagnostics is based on the performance of echocardiography of the heart, sometimes a biopsy of the heart muscle is required.

Dilated cardiomyopathy treatment

In the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy pharmacological measures are implemented, which are to slow down the further development of the disease and alleviate its symptoms. It is used:

  1. diuretics,
  2. antiarrhythmic drugs,
  3. drugs to lower blood pressure,
  4. agents improving the strength of contractions,
  5. vasodilators
  6. anticoagulants.

In addition, sometimes a pacemaker or a cardioverter-defibrator is implanted – it protects the patient against cardiac arrest. When the disease has severely damaged the heart, a heart transplant may be required.

Cardiomyopathy rozstrzeniowa – diet

Adequate behavior is the hallmark of therapy diet and leading a healthy lifestyle. It has a positive effect on the heart nourishment rich in wholemeal bread and pasta, fish and seafood, vegetables and fruits. In addition, adequate physical activity is important, which should be consulted with your doctor.

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