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As a rule, therapeutic food “Table 2”, belonging to the category of so-called sparing diets, is prescribed for people who suffer from chronic gastritis. But besides this, such a diet plan is also useful for chronic colitis, enteritis, and liver diseases. Also, the “Table 2” diet is often prescribed as a therapeutic food in the postoperative period for early rehabilitation and recuperation.
Features of nutritional therapy for gastritis
Indications: chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency; enteritis, colitis, including during an exacerbation; postoperative period of recovery and rehabilitation; as well as the recovery period after infectious diseases;
Duration: as prescribed by a doctor;
Features of the diet for chronic gastritis: the “Table 2” diet is a gentle diet for the digestive organs: the dishes are thermally processed and, if possible, crushed; hot sauces and spices, indigestible dishes are completely excluded from the menu;
Energy value: 2400-2800 kK;
Fluid volume per day: 1,5 l;
Best type of preparation: steaming, baking, stewing or boiling;
Power frequency: you should eat fractionally, 4-5 times a day.
Diet “Table 2”: what is possible, what is not
Meat, poultry, fish. In the case of the “Table 2” diet (which is often called by both doctors and patients for short – diet number 2, or even diet 2), the restrictions apply not so much to the types of meat or fish as to the methods of cooking and eating them. For example, stewed meat balls, “hedgehogs”, steamed fish cakes, various casseroles or boiled fillets can and should be included in the daily menu, but breaded fried cutlets, nuggets, semi-finished meat products and similar “delicacies” are necessary, on the contrary , categorically exclude from the diet. If we talk about soups, then broths – both meat and fish – are allowed only secondary.
Eggs. You can – only soft-boiled and in the form of a steam omelet. No fried eggs are allowed in any case!
Bread and flour. In the “Table 2” diet, bread and pastries made from wheat flour (preferably yesterday’s), light biscuits, and uncooked biscuits are acceptable.
Dairy. As part of the “Table 2” diet, you can use milk as part of other dishes – along with tea, or in an omelet, etc. Low-fat kefir, cottage cheese, sugar-free yoghurts are also allowed.
Vegetables. Any raw vegetables are strictly prohibited (they mechanically irritate the walls of the stomach, which is highly undesirable for any form of gastritis). Welcome: vegetable purees and cutlets and casseroles, salads from boiled vegetables. You should be very careful with vegetables such as cabbage, green peas, fresh herbs.
Cereals. Only “viscous” types of cereals are allowed – semolina, glutinous rice, oatmeal, etc. Pasta is allowed small and well cooked.
Fruit and desserts. Diet “Table 2” prohibits the use of tough fruits with a coarse fibrous texture – for example, apples, pears, pineapple, citrus fruits. You can eat soft fruits such as peaches, apricots, plums, etc. Or any fruit indiscriminately, but in the form of puree, jam and other “rubbing”. For sweets, choose desserts with a soft consistency and not too fatty.
The drinks. You can: clean water, weak tea with milk, cocoa, juices, compotes and fruit drinks from sweet fruits and berries. Do not: sweet soda, kvass, sour drinks, strong black coffee, alcohol.
Additional prohibitions. It is important to understand the basic principle of the “Table 2” diet, which is in many ways similar to the “Table 1” diet (which is not surprising, since both are designed for people with digestive problems): foods and dishes that are neither in any way do not irritate the damaged walls of the stomach. This means that everything that gets into the mouth (and then into the stomach) must be at a neutral temperature, have a soft (ideally puree-like) consistency, and not be spicy, fatty, sour, smoked. For example: apples in their pure form are not allowed, but applesauce from a jar of baby food is allowed. From cereals, millet, barley groats, quinoa, and corn groats are prohibited. Legumes are also banned (except for large white beans). The diet should not contain semi-finished products and canned food, pickles and marinades.
Prohibited soups – bean, pea, okroshka, milk soup.
Eating on the “Table 2” diet should be fractional – 4-5 times a day. An approximate menu for the day may look like this:
Breakfast: an omelet of two eggs and milk, cottage cheese with honey or jam, tea;
Lunch: mushroom puree soup, fish casserole, sweet jelly;
Afternoon snack: a cup of cocoa with Tiramisu dessert;
Dinner: boiled noodles with meatballs, salad of boiled and finely grated beets with prunes, tea;
3 hours before bedtime: a glass of low-fat kefir;
Useful recipes for the Table 2 diet will help diversify your diet:
Mushroom Soup
Ingredients: 4-5 glasses of light broth, 400 g of mushrooms of your choice, 3 medium-sized potatoes, 1 onion, 1 carrot, vegetable oil for frying, 2-3 tsp. cream or sour cream, a piece of butter.
Method of preparation:
Mushrooms should be boiled and discarded in a colander. Finely chop the carrots and onions and fry until caramelized (fry in a pan until golden brown, add a teaspoon of flour, a little boiling water and simmer for another 5-7 minutes).
Cut the potatoes into small cubes. Pour broth into a saucepan (you can just water), put potatoes and mushrooms in it and cook until completely boiled.
Add fried onions and carrots to the broth. When the potatoes are completely boiled, the broth should be drained into a container (this is for a while), grind all the ingredients with a blender into a homogeneous gruel, and pour the broth back into it. Stir by adding a small piece of butter.
Serve with a spoonful of sour cream or cream. If your doctor allows you to consume fresh herbs, you can add finely chopped parsley to the plate.
Pollock fillet baked with tomatoes and cheese
Ingredients: pollock fillet 600-700 g, 1 onion, 150 g grated hard cheese, 250 g cream, salt to taste.
Method of preparation:
Preheat oven to 180 degrees. Cut the pollock fillet into equal pieces, season with salt and pepper to taste. Grease a baking dish with vegetable oil, put the fish in it.
Chop the onion finely, put on top of the fish fillet. Then pour in the cream and place in the oven for 30 minutes.
Then take out the dish, sprinkle with grated cheese, add a few cherry tomatoes (after piercing each tomato with a match or fork), and put back in the oven for another 10-12 minutes.
You can serve the finished dish with vegetable puree or boiled rice.
“Tiramisu” without alcohol
Ingredients: 3 chicken eggs, 3 tbsp. sugar, savoyardi cookies, 500 g mascarpone cheese, cocoa.
Method of preparation:
Separate the egg whites from the yolks. Beat 3 yolks with sugar and mascarpone cheese. Beat the whites separately, and then gently add to the total mass.
Prepare unsweetened and weak coffee. Put pieces of cookies in a mold and moisten them with hot coffee. The cookies should be slightly soaked, but not mushy (in other words, do it in moderation!).
Place a layer of mascarpone, sugar and eggs on top of the cookies. Then lay out one more layer of “soaked” cookies, and again – a layer of mascarpone. Then sprinkle generously with cocoa powder.
Finally put the dessert in the refrigerator for 4-5 hours, until the cocoa soaks the top layer of the mascarpone and turns dark like coffee.
Before serving, the dessert can be garnished with raspberries, blackberries and mint leaves.