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A person diagnosed with type 2 diabetes manages to maintain normal blood glucose levels only with the help of special nutrition. But in order to achieve excellent results in compensating for the disease, it is important to know what you can’t eat with diabetes, which foods should be limited as much as possible, and which can be consumed without restrictions. Patients with type 2 diabetes should definitely eat enough carbohydrates. It is useful for people with diabetes to keep a specific food diary that will help them follow the diet.
Food table for type 2 diabetes
| Type of permitted product | Products |
|---|---|
| Fruit | Limited: apricots, cherry plums, grapefruits, oranges, lingonberries, cranberries, peaches, apples, plums, sea buckthorn, red currants, cherries, gooseberries |
| Vegetables | Cucumbers, broccoli, green peas, cauliflower, lettuce, herbs, zucchini, green peppers, mushrooms |
| Dairy produce | Low-fat milk, cottage cheese, dairy products, some low-fat cheese |
| Cereals | Soybeans, beans, peas, lentils, buckwheat, oatmeal, pearl barley, occasionally pasta |
| Meat and fish | Lean beef, turkey, chicken, rabbit, white fish |
| Sweet | Only special diabetic products and extremely limited |
| Drink | Unsweetened tea, coffee, compotes, herbal decoctions |
| Bakery products | Wholemeal bread, whole grain |
| Miscellanea | Eggs, vegetable oils |
What you can eat
Natalya Belyaeva, nutritionist-nutritionist, comments:
- Proteins of animal and vegetable origin (meat, poultry, fish, eggs, cheese, cottage cheese, legumes).
- Fats of animal and vegetable origin (butter, sour cream and cottage cheese with a high fat content, vegetable oils, nuts).
- Carbohydrates are only slow (fiber – vegetables, herbs, cereals – buckwheat, oatmeal).
- Vitamins and minerals found in the above foods.
- Spices, spices, herbs.
What not to eat
“You can not eat foods that exacerbate the carbohydrate metabolism disorders that occur in these patients. These include:
- Foods with a high glycemic index, or a more understandable definition for everyone, are fast carbohydrates. These are foods in which carbohydrates are quickly converted into glucose in the body and cause sharp jumps in blood glucose (flour, chocolate, white rice, potatoes, heat-treated beets and carrots).
- Foods containing nutritional triggers such as lactose and fructose. Lactose is milk sugar and foods that contain large amounts of lactose. They are recommended to be limited for use in type 2 diabetes mellitus (milk, liquid fermented milk products should be limited to consumption in a volume of up to 100 ml per day).
- Fructose reduces the sensitivity of cells to insulin, which is already reduced in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, fruits, dried fruits, honey should be limited in use (15 grams of fructose per day). For example, very sweet fruits (bananas, pears, grapes) should be excluded. Preference is given to berries. And use this group of products in the form of a dessert, do not use it as an independent dish. Many snack on fruit – this is wrong, ”- says the doctor.
This is what a sample diet for a type 2 diabetic looks like. Doctors recommend not to make a menu on your own, but to seek advice from nutritionists.
Day 1
Breakfast: buckwheat
Lunch: beef stew with vegetables
Snack: baked apple with cottage cheese
Dinner: pink salmon on vegetable bed
Day 2
Breakfast: pearl porridge
Lunch: onion soup or beef with vegetables
Snack: cabbage salad with apple
Dinner: lean fish
Day 3
Breakfast: millet porridge with pumpkin
Lunch: chicken fillet and grits to choose from allowed
Snack: cottage cheese with berries
Dinner: lean fish or turkey with stewed vegetables
Day 4
Breakfast: omelette (no more than two eggs per serving)
Lunch: chicken with cereal
Snack: syrniki
Dinner: lean beef and vegetables
Day 5
Breakfast: syrniki
Lunch: white fish fillet in the oven with vegetables
Snack: cabbage salad
Dinner: indica
Day 6
Breakfast: any porridge from the list of allowed
Lunch: vegetable soup puree in a slow cooker
Snack: Kiwi smoothie
Dinner: chicken or turkey with vegetables
Day 7
Breakfast: oatmeal
Lunch: chicken soup
Snack: salad with celery and walnuts
Dinner: lean fish fillet with vegetables
The results
Maintaining proper nutrition and diet in type 2 diabetes helps to lose weight, and thereby reduce the insulin resistance of cells, in other words, insulin susceptibility.
At first, a type 2 diabetes diet may seem tedious, but then it will become a way of life.
Diabetes is incurable, but it can be controlled and lead a full life. In patients who follow the rules and recommendations, there is a normalization of blood sugar, the general condition of the body improves and immunity increases. A person can also get rid of extra pounds and all sorts of problems associated with diabetes.
A diabetic must remember the main rule – food should be varied. It is important that along with food a person receives vitamins and other useful substances necessary for the life of the body.
Dietitian Reviews
“Type 2 diabetes mellitus belongs to the NCD group of diseases – non-communicable diseases characterized by a long duration and slow progression. By the way, in addition to type 2 diabetes, this group also includes cardiovascular diseases, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases. And interestingly, in the origin of all these diseases, the main role, as a risk factor, belongs to nutrition.
Nutrition, as a component of a proper lifestyle, in type 2 diabetes, of course, must be organized in accordance with the existing metabolic disorders. Nutrition should be complete, contain all macro- and micronutrients. It is important with nutrition not only to correct the disturbed carbohydrate metabolism in such patients, but also to prevent the formation of other new ones, ”says Natalya Belyaeva.