How does the development process take place? Development can occur in mandatory steps, it can be specified only by a peak, or it can have several different peaks. With all the diversity of views, most researchers use the following paradigms:
- Stairs
There are some obligatory and successive steps that everyone must go through in their development.
Example: Stages of personality development according to Erik Erickson
- honeycomb
At any age there is point A and point B, the possibility of choosing a path, the possibility of development in one direction or another. Having reached point B, we again have a choice.
The honeycomb paradigm provides much greater variability, but blurs the concept of development: how to understand: this turn is a continuation of development, perversion or degradation? Usually this is solved by recognizing one approved peak, which can be reached in different ways. If a person has not reached the approved peak, his development is considered not quite complete.
Example: Development of a man’s personality according to Sergey Shishkov
- Crown.
The crown paradigm states that there is definitely a peak, but suggests that there is more than one peak.
Example: Stages and ways of personality development according to N.I. Kozlov