Deutsia shrub (deucela): care and planting in the Urals, in Siberia, timing, reproduction

Planting and caring for action in the open field involves following just a few simple rules. The culture is unpretentious, under natural conditions it is able to grow in the mountains, endure drought, takes root on any soil without stagnant water. Although the plant comes from the south, it is not difficult to ensure abundant flowering of action in the conditions of the middle zone, as well as in the more severe regions of Siberia and the Urals.

Features of growing deucel shrubs

Action shrubs are distinguished by a variety of varieties from tiny forms no higher than half a meter to sprawling 4-meter plants. The color of leaves and flowers is also diverse, but all plants have similar preferences for soil composition, lighting, pruning, and care.

Basic conditions for growing action:

1. Plants easily tolerate drought, but respond to metered watering with rapid growth and abundant flowering.
2. An abundance of light, placement in an open area for action are optional. Culture prefers morning sun and partial shade in the afternoon.
3. Fast growing shoots need pruning and thinning. Shaping is one of the main principles for obtaining lush flowering.
4. The winter hardiness of the action is estimated as average: at -20 ° C, freezing of the apical buds is observed, at – 30 ° C, the entire unprotected part of the plant dies. Culture easily tolerates winters without shelter only in the south.
5. Action is resistant to smoke, gas pollution of a big city. The culture does not tolerate only landing in a windy place and drafts.
6. With a high groundwater horizon, additional drainage is provided during planting. The roots of the plant do not tolerate stagnant water.

In nature, the shrub grows on the illuminated edges, at the foot of the mountains. In the garden, action is able to grow under the protection of tall trees, subject to incomplete shading. There is only one fundamental requirement for the composition of the soil – a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. This indicator, most often, requires a separate simple adjustment.

How to propagate action

Unfalse care when growing action is not the only plus of a decorative look. The shrub is easy to propagate in many ways. So, the seeds provide more than 90% germination immediately after ripening. Vegetative methods (cuttings, offspring, dividing the bush, layering) give the same high survival rate.

Seeds

The seed method of planting is suitable for propagating non-selected species of action. Hybrid garden forms do not retain their qualities in subsequent generations. A bush will grow from the seeds, repeating the original forms of action before crossing.

For successful propagation, it is important to properly store the seed before planting. In winter, the seeds are kept in a glass jar with a well-screwed lid or hermetically sealed in polyethylene. The best temperature is around 15°C.

In regions with mild winters, seeds can be planted outdoors in the fall, immediately after harvest. In areas with a harsh climate from the Urals to Eastern Siberia, action is sown in pots and germinated at home. Most often, planting in open ground is carried out in the spring, and it is not necessary to process the seed of the action. The plant is characterized by good germination without stratification, stimulation or wetting.

It is enough to spread the seeds on the surface and slightly compact the soil. Spring planting action does not require deepening. Periodically moistening the soil, you can expect the first shoots after 15 days. To speed up the process, the bed or pot is covered with polyethylene.

Propagation of action by cuttings

Green or lignified shoots of a fast-growing bush provide a rich supply of propagation material. Both cuttings taken after autumn pruning and harvested in summer are well rooted. For growing deucel shrubs, as shown in the photo, the green tops are cut from the second half of June.

For cut shoots, it is enough to remove the leaves from the bottom and place them in a moist substrate. For guaranteed survival, you can put the stems with the lower end in Kornevin’s solution for 24 hours. At temperatures from 15 to 30 ° C and regular spraying of plantings, such reproduction gives a performance of more than 95%.

Lignified cuttings of action, cut in the fall, must have at least 5 live buds. The stems are tied in bunches and stored until spring in wet sand at a temperature of 0 to + 5 ° C. In the spring, cuttings are rooted in open ground, regularly spraying with warm water. It is possible to take out seedlings of action to the landing site only after reaching the average daily temperature of + 15 ° C.

Layers

The most natural and painless method of reproduction for action is the rooting of a branch, without separation from the mother bush. For the procedure, a young shoot is chosen, bent to the ground, fixed to the soil with a bracket or stone. The place of contact is covered with a loose, fertile substrate. To stimulate the formation of roots, the bark on the shoot can be cut with a sharp knife. Rooted layers of deutsels are separated from the bush after a year for planting in the spring as an ordinary seedling.

By dividing the bush

The method is suitable if you urgently need to transplant a perennial overgrown bush to a new place. It is not worth disturbing the plant only for reproduction – an adult action does not tolerate such a procedure.

The plant is dug in from all sides, trying to deepen as much as possible. The action may have several tap roots, which it is desirable to preserve as much as possible, and many superficial fibrous ones, which grow more easily. They take the bush out of the ground, shake off the soil, divide the rhizome into several parts.

Each division must have a developed root and live growth buds. Parts of the action bush are planted in a new place immediately after the procedure, otherwise the bare roots of the plant will dry out and take root worse.

How to save action until landing

When buying ready-made seedlings, bushes with an open root system are preferred. This makes it possible to objectively assess the condition of the plant. Action in containers for planting should be purchased only from trusted sellers or directly from the nursery.

After purchase, exposed roots should be wrapped in paper or a damp cloth for transport. Do not use polyethylene: wrapped roots can overheat and prop up.

Planting action in the spring is done before entering the growing season. If you want to keep the purchased material for some time before planting, the plants should not be brought into a warm room. This stimulates the opening of the kidneys and may impair survival. It is better to leave seedlings in containers or with wrapped roots on the street, take them out to the balcony, to the basement, thus delaying the state of rest.

Planting and caring for deytion shrubs

Correctly and on time planted bushes quickly begin to grow and bloom after a few seasons. To form a lush bush of action, as in the photo, cultivation and care will not be a problem if the place is well chosen and the planting is done correctly.

Recommended dates

The best time for planting comes in the spring, after the soil has completely thawed before the buds open on the trees. In each region, the timing is different, so you should focus only on the weather. Planting an action in the fall may not give the plant time to adapt and grow roots. Pre-winter work is possible only during moderate and warm winters.

Site selection and soil preparation

Light-loving shrub can grow well in an open sunny place. The plant tolerates diffused light well, without loss of decorativeness it can be in partial shade for up to half a day. Therefore, the action is planted on the south, west or east side of buildings, tall trees, dense fences.

Unpretentiousness to the composition of the soil allows you to grow a crop in any area. When preparing the soil, it is possible to improve the properties of the substrate and provide the following minimum parameters:

• nutritional value – due to the application of fertilizers and humus;
• looseness – adding peat and sand on heavy soils for digging;
• weakly alkaline reaction – the introduction of ash or slaked lime;
• outflow of excess moisture – by laying drainage during planting.

If it is necessary to replace the soil due to non-compliance with the requirements, the mixture is prepared from humus, sand and peat in a ratio of 2:2:1. A glass of slaked lime or wood ash is added to the composition per plant.

Landing algorithm

Before planting, the action is inspected, all damaged areas of the roots are removed, they are shortened to 30 cm. If the open roots are dry, immerse them for 3 hours in a liquid clay solution. In seedlings from containers, before planting, lightly upholstered with an earthen clod. Curled roots need to be slightly stirred up and straightened outward.

Landing process action:

1. Prepare a hole at least 50 cm deep.
2. 10 cm of sand, pebbles or expanded clay are laid at the bottom for drainage.
3. A small part of the prepared soil mixture is poured on top with the addition of 100 g of complex mineral fertilizer (for example, nitrophoska).
4. The seedling is set so that the root neck of the action is above the soil level.
5. Gradually fill up the soil, lightly tamping the layers. After filling the hole, the seedling is watered abundantly.

For better survival and protection of the action roots from drying out or spring temperature changes, the soil is covered with straw, peat or sawdust. The mulching layer should not exceed 5 cm.

Transplant action in autumn or spring

It is advisable not to dig adult bushes, they do not tolerate even minor root injuries. A transplant of an already formed action may be required in the event of an unsuccessfully chosen landing site. Often such a need arises with a weak development of the crown due to stagnant moisture, shading or drafts. It happens that deytion bushes planted nearby, growing, begin to interfere with each other. Transplantation in such cases can not be avoided.

If necessary, move the adult deytion bush to a new place, you should, if possible, wait for the spring heat. An autumn transplant threatens to cause the plant to weaken and leave before winter with damaged roots. Such a bush can freeze.

Transplanting the action in the spring gives her more time to adapt. The grower can monitor rooting success throughout the season and provide the care the plant needs to prepare for winter.

Action transplant rules:

1. A pit in a new place is prepared in advance according to the rules of landing.
2. Dig up a bush carefully, trying to save an earthen clod.
3. Large specimens of dug out action are moved by carefully dragging on a tarpaulin or other dense material.
4. The transplant procedure completely repeats the actions with seedlings up to mulching.

The crown of the bush must be thinned out, the old branches are completely removed, and the young ones are shortened by a third. Even with full observance of all conditions and good care, the transplanted plant will be sluggish for some time, it may shed some of the leaves.

How to grow action outdoors

Different climate dictates some differences in the care of ornamental shrubs in the south, in the northwestern region and areas with more severe but snowy winters. In the south, soil, weather and slight temperature fluctuations make it possible to grow deutsia with almost no maintenance, limited to shaping, watering and occasional top dressing. The climate of the Moscow region assumes low temperatures without stable snow cover in winter. The most important care for such bushes will be the correct shelter from frost.

Beyond the Urals, during severe winters, the action tolerates the cold season more easily due to the abundance of snow, but cultivation requires careful selection of varieties. An important criterion for the climate of Siberia is the height of the bush – undersized hybrids do not require special devices for a successful wintering.

How fast the action grows

The strength of shoot growth is highly dependent on soil fertility and regular moisture, but even without special care, the bushes quickly gain green mass. Timely pruning also helps to strengthen branching and ensure healthy growth.

In a few years, the action seedling is able to turn into a luxurious bush that grows in width. This feature will require additional removal of the growth around the bush, which provides rich planting material for reproduction. Carefully separating the young shoots from the mother root, you can get ready-made seedlings without disturbing the adult action.

Due to the strong growth of tall varieties of pink and white action, for ease of care, landing is carried out no closer than 2,5 m from the buildings. This distance allows the crown to develop harmoniously, provides access for pruning and thinning.

Watering

Care for the action does not require frequent moistening, the plant does not tolerate stagnant water. Excess watering is the only reason for the development of root rot, which can destroy even a strong bush.

Action watering rules:

1. In spring and summer, bushes need only one watering every 10-15 days. About 10 liters of water are consumed per adult plant.
2. Watering is increased and increased to 20 liters per bush only during prolonged drought, accompanied by heat.
3. In August, it is recommended to stop watering, and during the autumn rains, cover the trunk circle with polyethylene. This stimulates the lignification of fresh shoots.

After each watering, the soil should be loosened, preventing the formation of a crust on the surface.

Additional fertilizing

If the planting took place with the replacement of the soil and the addition of dressings to the substrate, then young bushes will need fertilizers in a few seasons, when the planting pit is fully mastered by the roots.

Feed the action several times a year:

• in the spring, immediately after pruning, with complex compounds containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, 100 g per 1 bush.
• during flowering – with a solution of manure (1:10), 5 liters per plant every 2 weeks;
• in the fall, they are fed with complex fertilizers after thinning and cleansing the bush;
• annually, the soil is additionally deoxidized by adding dolomite flour or lime, especially if organics were used to feed the action.

Weeding and mulching

Keeping the soil around the plant loose and clean can be time consuming. After each watering, you should rake the top layer of soil, remove weeds. Mechanical loosening of the action damages the superficial thin roots. Mulching is a simple maintenance that creates an ideal microclimate, preventing moisture from evaporating, maintaining a constant soil temperature, keeping looseness and breathability.

One technique eliminates many events and prevents weeds from spreading en masse. As mulch, you can use chopped straw, leaves, small decorative stones, bark or peat. The materials are laid on the soil around the bush with a layer of no more than 5 cm.

Trimming

Crown formation is of paramount importance for the lush flowering of the action. Pruning begins from the moment the plant is planted, and then carried out every year.

Stages and features of pruning action:

1. After planting, the seedling is pruned, leaving no more than 5 buds.
2. In the spring, all frozen parts of the bush are removed to healthy wood. With severe lesions, it is permissible to cut all the branches near the soil itself. Action has a great chance of a full restoration of the bush.
3. In summer, faded shoots can be cut off, leaving one living bud for a new growth. The procedure can be postponed until autumn pruning, but in this case a replacement shoot will not form.
4. In autumn, sanitary cutting of old and damaged branches is carried out on a ring at the base. Young root shoots are also cut out around the plant.

Features of growing deutsia in the Urals and Siberia

Originally a southern culture, the ornamental shrub gradually acclimatized in Europe and northern Asia. Natural selection from a variety of species stood out those that are able to survive frosty winters. The selection of the last decades has made it possible to obtain many winter-hardy and surprisingly beautiful varieties.

To obtain lush flowering bushes, as in the photos presented, planting and caring for the action in the Urals, the Far East, and Siberia are carried out differently than in temperate and warm zones.

Care tips for the northern regions:

1. With early frosts and harsh winters, autumn top dressing is not carried out. From the beginning of September, only pollination of the soil with ash is permissible, to feed the action with potassium, which is involved in the ripening of the shoots.
2. Summer fertilizer with nitrogen-containing compounds, including manure and bird droppings, is minimized. A few top dressings after the start of flowering are enough. This will hold back a burst of vegetation after seed set.
3. For green hedges, it is not recommended to choose an action if the temperature drops below -25 ° C in winter. Bushes will often freeze slightly, will not provide the desired decorative effect.
4. Choose for planting varieties recommended for growing in cold climates. The most resistant to frost is the Amur action (small-colored). The long-leaved and purple varieties winter well under the snow.

How to prepare for winter action

In order for the bushes to come up strong enough by autumn, the branches had time to become woody as much as possible, and the roots were able to withstand the freezing of the soil, it is enough not to overfeed and not to water the plants excessively. After autumn pruning, the soil under the action bushes is mulched with a fresh composition. For the winter, it is better to choose peat, laying it in a layer of up to 10 cm.

Shelter action for the winter

The main task of the gardener in the fall is to ensure the plant has a successful wintering. If in the north-west or in the Moscow region one cannot do without shelter due to a little snowy winter, then in areas with stronger frosts, snowfalls are more abundant, and the cover is stable. Therefore, in Siberia and the Urals, pre-winter care can be reduced to bending down high branches, which will be covered in a natural way.

It is easy to lay only undersized or young bushes. Mature deutsia wood is hollow and brittle, with branches prone to breaking under stress. Therefore, the stems are lifted up as much as possible, pulled together in a loose bundle with twine and wrapped in a bush with breathable material: burlap, lutrasil, any agrofiber. It is important not to cover the action for wintering with polyethylene.

Experienced gardeners advise creating several layers of lightweight materials with air gaps. In such a “thermos” not only adult specimens easily survive winters, but also seedlings of the first year of action.

If a constant, high snow cover is expected, low and young bushes are bent to the ground, before the first snowfalls they are covered with earth or covered with breathable material. In the middle lane, the fallen snow is raked up, thrown over the bushes, regularly checking and renewing the shelter. With a sharp increase in frost, all unprotected parts of the action may die.

Pests and diseases

All types of action are resistant to typical garden diseases and pests. Sometimes there is a bumblebee proboscis eating leaves. If a pest is found, the bushes are sprayed with a 15% solution of phthalophos.

From the second half of summer, the action is regularly checked for the presence of horned caterpillars, aphids, and mites. To combat insects, solutions of Decis or Bitoxibacillin, diluted strictly according to the instructions, are used.

The only disease that threatens action is root rot. The disease occurs due to improper care of the plant: waterlogging of the soil, stagnant water in the cold season or early spring. Most often, with a strong defeat, the bush dies, so planting a deutsia without drainage is unacceptable.

Conclusion

Planting and caring for the action in the open field is not difficult in both warm and harsh climates. Simple tricks and knowledge of the characteristics of the plant allow you to get lush flowering bushes in several seasons. Unpretentious, sustainable action of beauty is on a par with hydrangea, roses, lilacs, and requires very little attention. A properly planted bush with minimal care can decorate the garden for more than 20 years, recovering from the mistakes of an inexperienced gardener, freezing or drought.