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One of the undeservedly forgotten, declining in the number of domestic breeds of cattle is the Krasnogorbatovskaya cow. This breed was bred in the XNUMXth century in the Nizhny Novgorod province by crossing local livestock with imported Tyrolean cattle, which were distinguished by a high fat content of milk. This was the main goal of breeding the Krasnogorbatovskaya breed of cows: to get animals that give milk with a high percentage of fat.
The local livestock had very low productive characteristics. The weight of Nizhny Novgorod cows was no more than 300 kg. Slaughter yield barely reached 50%. The Tyrolean bulls, with which the Nizhny Novgorod cows were crossed, passed on to their offspring high milk yields and a good slaughter yield of meat.
When breeding animals for a tribe, they were selected not only according to their productive characteristics, but also according to their suit. Only cows with a red color were left for the tribe. The breeding group was registered as a breed in 1926.
Description of the Krasnogorbatovskaya breed of cows
According to all its characteristics, including size and unpretentiousness, the Krasnogorbatovskaya breed of cows could replace the growing popularity and very expensive Jersey cow in the climate. Except for the suit.
All cows of this breed are red in color, ranging from brown to cherry brown. The growth of Krasnogorbatov cattle is 120 – 125 cm. The length of the body is 145 – 155 cm. The stretch index is 121.
The exterior as a whole corresponds to the appearance of the dairy breed of cattle. Krasnogorbatovskiye are animals of a strong constitution. The head is light and short. The nasal mirror is light. The horns are light grey, the tips are dark.
The neck is short, of medium width. The chest is deep and wide. Girth 181 cm. Topline almost straight, similar to the topline of the best dairy breeds. But still it has differences in the area of the withers and the sacral region. Wide back and loins. The sacrum is slightly raised, the correct form. Legs are short. The suit is brown, traditionally referred to as red.
Exterior flaws
Among the shortcomings common in the Red Gorbatov breed are:
- hanging croup;
- saber posture;
- hanging back;
- poorly developed udder hindquarters.
In addition, dairy cows are not suitable for obtaining meat from them, as they have poorly developed muscles.
Productive characteristics of the breed
When breeding the breed, they tried to improve not only milk, but also meat productivity. Therefore, the bulls of the Red Gorbatov breed are distinguished by a relatively large weight in relation to the size of the body and developed muscles.
At 4 years old, a breeding bull must weigh at least 900 kg. By the age of 2, bulls gain weight of about 700 kg. At the same time, the weight of an adult cow does not exceed 650 kg, ranging from 400 for the lowest quality representatives of Krasnogorbatovskaya, to 650 in breeding farms engaged in breeding this cattle. As a result of selection, the slaughter yield of meat from bull carcasses was raised to 60%.
In a cow, all the nutrients she consumes go to milk production, so cows have virtually no muscle mass.
Milk productivity of the Red Gorbatovskaya: annual milk yield is 2,7-4 tons of milk with a fat content of at least 4,1-4,5%. Individual record holders in breeding farms can produce up to 8 tons per year. The fat content of milk can also reach 6%.
Pros and cons of the red Gorbatovskaya
The features for which private traders appreciate this breed are good adaptation to various climatic conditions, poor susceptibility to diseases and unpretentiousness to feed. Krasnogorbatovskiy cattle rarely suffer from “traditional diseases like brucellosis, tuberculosis or leukemia. Cows have a rather calm disposition.
Without trying to fight with a person, the animal simply does what it sees fit.
Cons relate to the industrial production of milk. Often the udder of Krasnogorbatov cows is not suitable for using a machine milking machine. Also, these cattle show low milk yields compared to modern breeds bred exclusively for milk.
In connection with the development of industrial production, the number of Krasnogorbatov cattle in Our Country is declining. This breed is still popular in the area of its origin – the Nizhny Novgorod region. A certain number of these cattle are bred throughout the Central part of Our Country and in Ukraine.
Reviews of the owners of Krasnogorbat cows
Conclusion
Due to low milk production and low-quality udders, Krasnogorbatov cattle are not suitable for breeding on industrial dairy farms. But for a private trader, this cow is one of the most suitable options due to its unpretentiousness and high fat content of milk. The inability of this breed to machine milking does not play any role when keeping one or two animals on a personal plot.