Cow vaccination schedules

Vaccination of cattle allows you to protect animals from a large number of infectious diseases. As practice shows, the spread of infection in the body of cattle is carried out quite quickly, as a result of which the animal may die several hours after infection. The most effective means of protecting cattle is timely vaccination. Thanks to the introduction of a special solution, cattle acquire immunity, as a result of which the risk of infection is reduced to almost zero.

Cow vaccination schedule

Cattle vaccinations begin to be done almost immediately, as soon as they are born. As practice shows, special attention should be paid to the vaccination of young animals, since they should have developed immunity when they reach 2 months. Adult cattle are vaccinated annually. For clarity, we can consider the scheme of cattle vaccination throughout life, starting from birth.

Dry cows and heifers are recommended to be vaccinated against the following diseases in a timely manner:

• salmonellosis – the first time the injection should be injected into the body of cattle 60 days before calving, re-vaccination is carried out after 8-10 days;
• leptospirosis – 45-60 days before the expected calving time and again after 10 days;
• colibacteriosis – 40-60 days before the onset of labor in cattle, the first injection is administered, the next – after 2 weeks.

Newborn calves are vaccinated according to the following scheme:

• salmonellosis – if the cow was vaccinated before giving birth, then the calves are vaccinated on the 20th day of life. If the cow was not vaccinated in a timely manner, then the first injection is administered to the calf on the 5th-8th day of life and the second one – after 5 days;
• infectious rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3 – vaccination is carried out 10 days after birth, subsequent – after 25 days;
• diplococcal septicemia – it is worth vaccinating against this infectious disease at the age of 8 days and after 2 weeks;
• foot and mouth disease – if the calf was born in an area with an increased risk of infection with this disease, then the drug is administered on the first day of the animal’s life;
• viral diarrhea – cattle are vaccinated against this disease at the age of 10 days and again – after 20 days.

For replacement young animals, the following scheme is followed:

• salmonellosis – at the moment when the animal is 25-30 days old;
• trichophytosis – the solution is injected into the animal’s body upon reaching 30 days and older, the subsequent vaccination occurs after six months;
• leptospirosis – vaccination should be done immediately, as soon as the calf is 1,5 months old, revaccination – after 6 months;
• viral diarrhea – at the age of 30 days;
• infectious rhinotracheitis – according to the testimony of a veterinarian from 3 months;
• parainfluenza-3 – upon reaching one month, again – after 5-7 weeks;
• anthrax – according to the testimony of a veterinarian from 3 months;
• theileriosis – only according to indications, when cattle reach the age of 6 months and older.

As practice shows, in the event of a threat, even dairy cows can be vaccinated against foot and mouth disease. Adult cattle are vaccinated once, revaccination is done after 6 months. Subsequent immunizations are carried out annually.

Vaccination scheme for heifers and heifers

In the dry period, when the cow does not give milk, a large number of changes occur in her body, for which it is required to have a certain amount of energy. It should be borne in mind that during such periods, harmful microorganisms can affect the health of each individual in different ways. Also, do not forget about non-calving individuals. In both cases, cattle should receive a drug against salmonellosis, leptospirosis and colibacillosis.

During the dry period, in the interval before childbirth, which begins 2 months before, pregnant cows must be vaccinated against salmonellosis. In this case, it is recommended to use a concentrated formol alum vaccine for cattle. It is important to consider that the injection drug is administered to cattle twice:

• the first vaccination is done 60 days before the expected calving time, using 10 ml of the drug for this;
• the second vaccination is carried out 8-10 days after the first, in this case the amount of the drug is increased to 15 ml.

This vaccination is also great for heifers – cows that will give birth for the first time.

The vaccine against leptospirosis is administered directly into the body of a pregnant cow. The polyvalent preparation is administered 45-60 days before the expected calving time. Re-vaccination is carried out after 7-10 days. Animals aged 1 to 2 years are recommended to inject 8 ml of the drug for the first and second times. Cattle older than 2 years are injected with 10 ml of the vaccine.

Colibacteriosis is an infectious type of disease during which severe diarrhea occurs, sepsis. This disease, as a rule, often occurs in calves, but as practice shows, it can also affect dry cows. As a prophylaxis of colibacillosis, approximately 45-60 days before the upcoming birth, the drug is injected into the animal’s body, revaccination is carried out after 14 days. In both cases, the dosage of the vaccine is 10 ml. The drug is administered to cattle intramuscularly in the neck.

Adult cattle should be vaccinated against FMD annually. For these purposes, as a rule, a lapinized vaccine is used. During revaccination, each animal should receive 5 ml of the drug subcutaneously. Many experienced veterinarians recommend dividing the volume of the vaccine – 4 ml injected under the skin and 1 ml under the mucous membrane of the upper lip.

.

Calf vaccination schedules

For the life of calves, several particularly important parameters must be observed:

• air quality;
• animal density;
• the presence of dry bedding.

By following these criteria, early bovine disease can be prevented. The first vaccination of young animals can be carried out after the animals are 2 weeks old. During this period, it is recommended to administer drugs against viruses and bacteria that affect the respiratory system. It is not recommended to inject earlier, as there will be no effect from it. If the vaccination is done too late, then the calves will not have time to develop immunity by the age of 2 months.

It is necessary to adhere to the following scheme for vaccinating young animals against the main pathogens of respiratory diseases:

• 12-18 days. At this age, it is recommended to vaccinate calves against the following diseases: rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, respiratory syncytial infection, pasteurellosis. To prevent the occurrence of rhinotracheitis, nasal drops are used – 1 ml of the substance in each nostril. The vaccine against other diseases is administered to cattle subcutaneously in a volume of 5 ml;
• 40-45 days. At the moment, cattle will need to be re-vaccinated against parainfluenza-3, respiratory syncytial infection and pasteurellosis. Vaccination is carried out using the drug “Bovilis Bovipast RSP”, the drug is administered subcutaneously, with a volume of 5 ml;
• 120-130 days. Upon reaching the cattle of this age on the farm, revaccination of young animals against infectious rhinotracheitis is carried out.

If you follow this scheme during the vaccination process, you can protect cattle from the main pathogens of respiratory diseases and create the necessary level of immunity by the age of 2 months. In addition, it is possible to prevent the development of infectious diseases in calves up to 7-9 months of age.

To prevent major infectious diseases, veterinarians recommend using the following scheme;

• 1 месяц – vaccinate against salmonellosis. Vaccinations against this disease are done mainly in those regions where there is a high incidence of salmonellosis. Before administering the drug to an animal, it is recommended to first check with the veterinarian for the serotype of the pathogen;
• 1,5-4 months – during this period of time, cattle are vaccinated against ringworm and anthrax. From anthrax, it is necessary to vaccinate animals annually, the optimal age for calves is 3 months;
• 6 months – from this period, cattle are vaccinated against rabies. If a complex epizootic situation is observed in the region, then it is necessary to vaccinate at 3 months and repeat at 6 months.

By vaccinating cattle in a timely manner, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dangerous infectious diseases that lead to death.

Conclusion

Vaccination of cattle must be carried out on time, according to the veterinary scheme. This is the only way to get a healthy herd, which in the process of growth and development will not be exposed to fatal infectious diseases. Vaccination is the direct responsibility of every farmer.