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After a year, the fun begins: almost all the kids are already walking, many are even trying to talk. As parents, you have more and more opportunities to interact with your child. Now you act not only as a person feeding, washing and lulling the baby, but also as his friend, playmate, educator and teacher. Usually, when a child reaches the age of one, even dads, who previously experienced insecurity and confusion, are now willingly included in the upbringing process. Today we will tell you, dear parents, how to properly organize the daily routine and ensure the harmonious development of the child at 1 year 1 month.
Motor development of the child per year and month
Most of the little ones of one year old or a little older are quite confident on their feet, they can stand up without outside help and walk 10-20 steps to the goal. Moreover, girls usually try to simplify their task by moving along the furniture and holding it with their hands. And the boys often sink back to the floor and crawl quickly, because this is what they are doing better so far, and this way they feel more confident.
If your child at 1 year and 1 month old does not yet walk on his own, but at the same time he is absolutely healthy and crawls smartly, try to gently switch him to walking. Lead the baby, giving him two of your index fingers as a support. Lead to interesting objects located at the level of his height, so that the child understands that there are a lot of interesting things at the top, and to get to this, you need to walk. Sitting at the other end of the room, call your son or daughter to you. If the baby crawls, instead of approaching, do not show disappointment, just move away again, get on all fours, then rise to your feet, prompting the child to repeat after you. Rejoice wildly when the baby comes to you, and hug him.
Little explorers and explorers
A child at the age of one year and one month shows a keen interest in his home. He tries to examine everything that comes into view; often lifts his head up, and if he sees something curious, he tries to get to the object. Young explorers are quite capable of conquering peaks located at a height of half a meter from the floor: they climb onto chairs, armchairs, sofas and stools. However, going down is always more difficult, so your little “climber”, sitting on a chair, may begin to whimper and ask for help.
At this age, the child actively explores the properties of all objects that fall into his hands: he feels, tastes, knocks on something, throws it on the floor and looks at the result. The desire of the young researcher to open all the containers, pull out all the drawers and throw out all the contents with a joyful screech turns into a real disaster. Picking up scattered things and putting it back is not the best solution. The kid will wait until you turn away and repeat his actions with delight, thinking that this is such a game. It is better to make most of the drawers in the house inaccessible to the baby. Of course, this primarily applies to boxes with potentially dangerous items.
For any researcher, including such a young one, the concept of home is very important. The baby should wake up and go to sleep in a familiar, safe environment. Frequent moving and spending the night outside the home inhibit the development of the child. Sudden change of scenery disorients the baby. It can even cause sleep disturbances. If you are planning a move, rearrangement or renovation, be close to the child at the time of his awakening, and gradually introduce him to new objects around.
Speech development of a child at 1 year and 1 month
The entire speech arsenal of a baby older than one year can be divided into a passive and active vocabulary. The first dictionary contains those words whose meaning is clear to the child, but he does not pronounce them. And the words from the active dictionary are always on his lips: mom, dad, woman, ghoul, bully and other simplified definitions.
Most parents try to expand their children’s passive vocabulary as much as possible and translate as many words as possible from the passive vocabulary into the active one. This is a wonderful undertaking, but try not to overload the baby with too much information. Incidents happen in the learning process: you ask your son or daughter to show you a cat, and he shows you a goat. Do not be upset, the child understood well what you asked him, just at the moment the goat attracts him more, and he wants to show you something really funny and interesting.
Intellectual development of the baby per year and month
What does a child understand at this age? He already knows what is edible and what is inedible, what is hard and what is soft, what is dangerously spicy and hot. But this knowledge is not enough to avoid domestic injuries with absolute certainty, relying on one’s own experience and intelligence. Blocking the child’s access to all potentially dangerous items in the house is the most important task for parents. And whenever a dangerous situation arises in the presence of a child, you need to explain to him how to behave.
For example, the baby went to the ironing board, on which there is a red-hot iron. Instead of fearfully grabbing the child by the hand, scolding and dragging him aside, calmly demonstrate to him what the danger is: put your finger to the iron, pretend that you are burned and it hurts. Then make a protective gesture and warn that the baby will face similar troubles if he touches the iron.
Prohibitions and punishments
Bans for a child of one year and one month do not apply in principle. If someone tells you that their son or daughter unquestioningly obeys prohibitions at this age, know that the baby is simply afraid. He is afraid of shouting, swearing or punishment. The kid does not understand why he cannot do what is forbidden. You just can’t, that’s all. This is a very bad way of parenting. At this age, only one form of prohibition can be used effectively and without harm to the psyche – the complete closure of access. The child should not climb into this box – put it on the mezzanine.
You need to react to any misconduct of a child in such a way that he understands: you do not consider him bad, you only condemn his act, and at the same time you have no doubt that he will improve. After all, your baby is smart, good, kind and the best in the world. The child must be sure of your love and that he is a treasure for you. Punishment at such a young age is absolutely unacceptable, moreover, it is meaningless. If, for example, you put a baby in a corner or deprive him of his favorite toys because he broke a vase, he will draw only one conclusion: my mother suddenly decided that I was bad. A child in a year and a month is still unable to trace a direct causal relationship between the committed offense and the punishment for it.
How to organize the daily routine of a child 1 year 1 month
Sound sleep and proper nutrition are so important for the baby that it is difficult to overestimate their role. The harmonious physiological and mental development of the child can be ensured only when he is not disturbed by life’s troubles: he did not get enough sleep, his stomach is seething, uncomfortable clothes. Let’s discuss in detail the issues of organizing sleep and nutrition for children of one year and one month.
Restful sleep
Surprisingly, already at this age, “owls” and “larks” are found among the kids. The first ones go to bed at 8-9 pm, but already at 4 am they usually wake up their mother and ask to be breastfed. And the latter can be capricious until 11, but wake up for the first time at about 6 in the morning. Most babies after a year still continue to divide the night’s sleep into “two doses”, this is normal. During the day, children of this age also sleep twice, and sleep lasts at least an hour. In total, babies 1 year and 1 month old spend 12-13 hours a day sleeping.
There is some debate among experts as to whether a child should be put on the potty when they wake up at night. On the one hand, the sooner you stop using diapers, the better. And on the other hand, many children, after undressing and planting a warm booty on a cold pot, whimper for a long time and cannot fall asleep again. Therefore, many modern mothers feel sorry for their peace and nerves of the child, and do not put him on the potty at night.
Rituals for going to bed and waking up in the morning are very important for a baby. In the evening, you need to bathe him or at least wash him, change into clean clothes. Then hold in your arms, talk affectionately, sing a song, attach to your chest as desired. The room should be calm, subdued light, clean air, comfortable temperature. It is strongly not recommended to carry a child in your arms around the room and rock it, and put it in the crib only after he falls asleep. Another six months will pass, and your little one will weigh much more, and be capricious for much longer. Putting to bed will turn into many hours of agony. Pediatricians recommend allowing babies to fall asleep on their own in the crib from birth. Shaking and rocking the cradle or stroller with a baby is unacceptable – this upsets the vestibular apparatus and does nothing but harm.
In the morning, as soon as the child wakes up, go up to him and greet him affectionately. Every day should start with your smile, warm hugs and kisses. Then the baby will be in a good mood all day. You don’t need to immediately “pull out” the child from a sleepy state: put him on a potty, drag him to the bathroom, comb his hair and dress him. Give him five minutes to soak in your arms or roll in the crib.
Proper nutrition
Almost all children at the age of 1 year and 1 month are still breastfed, but they already receive extensive complementary foods: cereals, fruit and vegetable purees, yogurts and curds, lean meat and fish, best of all, steamed. There are very convenient mugs-drinkers that you can teach your baby to use.
Properly organizing a meal is not an easy task. It is best to put the child in a special chair with a table for feeding, tie him a bib, put a plate, give a spoon, sit next to the kitchen table and also eat. Let the child slowly learn to repeat after you. There will be a lot of “disgusting”, but what to do. If the baby gets tired of fighting with food and gets upset, help him and feed him with a spoon.
While eating, the child does not need to be distracted by unnecessary conversations, toys and a working TV. Let him focus. If you spoon-feed your baby every time, trying to speed up the process and avoid confusion, he will not soon learn to eat on his own. Be sure to praise your baby for eating well. And in no case do not scold if he does not succeed. Then the child will generally refuse to sit down at the table and start eating.
natural departures
Complete control over the processes of urination and defecation is established by the child only by the age of three. Therefore, you should not be very upset because of wet panties and sheets. Moreover, you do not need to scold the baby because of them. But praise every time the child goes to the potty, it is necessary. It is also important to form in the baby the right attitude towards the administration of natural needs.
The pot should not stand in the middle of the living room or change its place every five minutes. Put it in the toilet or behind the crib. Let the child, firstly, know where his potty is, and secondly, understand that the process of emptying the intestines or bladder is an intimate process. Parents do not pee in the middle of the room, and do not walk around the house without pants.
How to play with a child at 1 year 1 month
Most of all, a baby at this age is interested in those items with which his parents constantly interact: kitchen utensils, a mobile phone, a computer, a TV remote control, and so on. He loves to copy your actions: “call”, cook porridge, feed the doll with this porridge. Provide him with his own, toy, utensils, telephone, as well as dolls and animals. It is important to choose the right toys for a child aged one year and one month.
All toys must be made from environmentally friendly and safe materials. A minimum of sharp corners, synthetic fur and hair. Toys must not contain small parts that can be inhaled. A small doll is needed for any child at this age: both a boy and a girl. It should be a baby doll, that is, an imitation of a baby, made of soft rubber plastic, with moving limbs and a head without hair. Doll clothes are very simple – a hat, jacket and pants that your child can take off and put on himself.
In addition to the doll, a baby at the age of one year and one month should have at least a dozen different toys in the form of animals, birds and fish. As for cars, only large, reliable trucks and dump trucks are suitable, on which you can ride a doll or a bear. Small cars are dangerous: a child can step on them, break off the part and swallow it.
It is worth paying special attention to educational toys: cubes, pyramids, nesting dolls, various boards with figured holes into which you need to insert a suitable object. Be patient by showing your child how to play with them. Praise every achievement.
Educational games for children 1 year 1 month
We teach the child to distinguish colors. Take a set of colored paper, spread the sheets on the floor, and place objects and toys of the corresponding colors on them, pronouncing the name of each color. Then remove the toys, play with them with the child and invite him to sort the objects again by color.
We create an idea of the size and shape of objects. You will need several boxes of different sizes. Use small cardboard boxes, juice boxes, perfume and cosmetic boxes. Fold the boxes one into another, and then disassemble the structure and invite the baby to fold everything again. Soon he will understand that the largest box should be taken first. You can also cut figured holes in the bottom and ask the child to insert the fragments into place.
We join nature. Be sure to take your child for a walk every day if the weather permits. In the summer, let him walk barefoot on the grass, tinker in the sand, swim with you in a river or lake. Let the kid listen to birds singing, watch butterflies and bugs, collect beautiful flowers. Talk about all natural phenomena and objects that the child encounters, this will significantly accelerate his development.
We develop fine motor skills. Take a plastic jar with even and non-sharp edges, and a few clothespins (large enough and not too tight). Show your child how to put a clothespin on the edge of the jar. Let him try to repeat after you. This simple fun delights children at the age of one year and one month, in addition, it is great for developing fine motor skills.
We introduce the child to his own body. Sit in front of the child and touch different parts of your body, commenting on this: “I touch my nose, but can you do that? Where is your nose? Be sure to name each part of the body several times. Then consolidate success: again ask the baby to touch the nose, arms, legs, abdomen, and so on.
We develop creative abilities. Try with your son or daughter to make light cubes from small juice packs (so-called tetra packs). Cut off the tops, stuff the cubes with crumpled newspaper, then put the tops back in place and cover the cubes with tape. You can go further – color them or glue them with colored paper, draw funny faces.
Teach your child to care for others. To do this, you will need a doll or other favorite toy of your child – a bear, a bunny, a pig. Ask your child to take care of her. Tell her that she wants to eat, that she needs to be put to bed. Let the child repeat all the same actions that you perform when caring for him. Such games develop in children a sense of self-worth, independence and responsibility.
Another game that helps the baby understand the concepts of size and shape. Take a large box and divide inside it many compartments of various shapes and sizes: rectangular, square, triangular, round. Collect a lot of items and toys, and together with the baby try to place them in the compartments in the most rational way. Then take everything out and invite the child to complete the impromptu package on their own.
We teach the child to imitate. Bring the baby to a large mirror, stand next to him and start making faces: sad, funny, offended, surprised, and so on. Let the son or daughter watch you and try to repeat. Then start doing simple actions: waving your hand in greeting, spinning, clapping your hands. Comment on your gestures, for example: “This is how mom says hello. And how does my baby say hello, show me?
How to teach your baby to play with other children and share their toys? Try this game. Sit in front of the child and hand him some interesting object or toy with the words: “Take it, please.” After he examines the new object, carefully studies it, plays with it, reach out and ask: “Return, please.” Praise the baby and kiss. If he refuses to return the thing, after a while ask again, calmly and affectionately. Immediately after the child fulfills the request, give him a new interesting object, and repeat the game from the beginning.