Contents
Cherry Teremoshka is bred for the center of the country, winter-hardy and productive. On a low and compact plant, it is convenient to pick berries. The variety is popular because of its good resistance to common stone fruit diseases: moniliosis and coccomycosis.
History of breeding
Teremoshka is the result of the selection work of employees of the fruit growing department of the All- Research Institute of Lupin, which is located in Bryansk. M. V. Kanshina, A. A. Astakhov, L. I. Zueva worked on the new cherry. After field trials, the Teremoshka cherry variety has been included in the State Register since 2001.
Description of the culture
The Teremoshka variety is recommended for cultivation in the Central region, now the sweet cherry has spread to the northwestern and southern regions. The tree fell in love with gardeners with a compact, rounded and wide crown, the growth of which is restrained. Teremoshka cherry shoots are large, sprawling, leafy. Fruit branches are noticeable with rounded tops. Vegetative shoots are sharpened to the top. Elongated-oval leaves of a dark green hue, the blade is serrated along the edges, the apex is sharp. They sit on a long petiole of medium thickness.
Fruit ovaries of the Teremoshka variety are formed from three large flowers with a free arrangement of white petals. The calyx with long stamens and pistil is shaped like a glass. Heart-shaped cherries with a blunt, rounded top and a narrow funnel ripen on a short, medium thickness stalk. The size of the fruits of the Teremoshka variety is uniform, 2,1 x 2,2 cm, weight – 5 g, sometimes reaching 6,6 g. The dark red skin is dense, but pleasant when eating. Juicy pulp is fleshy, also dark red in color. The same color and secreted juice.
An oval stone of light brown color weighs a quarter of a gram, which is 5% of the weight of the Teremoshka berry. It is easily separated from the pulp.
- In sweet berries, 17,5% of sugars and the same amount of dry matter are determined.
- The fruits contain only 0,38% acids.
- 100 g of Teremoshka cherries contain 14,5 mg of ascorbic acid.
- Tasters rated the dessert taste of the fruits of this variety at 4,7 points.
Features
According to its properties, Teremoshka cherries are suitable for growing on household plots or in farms in the middle climatic zone.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
The Teremoshka variety tolerates moderately frosty winters, which has been proven in field trials. The wood was damaged only by 2 points after long periods with low temperatures of -29…-34 °C. The buds of the variety suffered by 40%, and after spring frosts of -5 ° C, up to 30% of the flowers died. Cherry Teremoshka survives short droughts without consequences, but long periods without precipitation affect the next year’s harvest.
Pollination, pollinating varieties, flowering period and ripening period
Like all cherries, the Teremoshka variety is self-fertile. Other cherries should grow nearby or in the adjacent area for cross-pollination, up to 2-3 trees. It is believed that varieties best cope with this role:
- Ovstuzhenka;
- Jealous;
- Bryansk pink.
In addition, cherries planted nearby, which bloom in the same period, have a positive effect on the fruiting of Teremoshka.
Variety Teremoshka blooms in medium terms, from May 10–15. The fruits ripen in 2 months, from the second decade of July.
yield, fruiting
Teremoshka cherry trees bear fruit for 4–5 years. Up to 30% of ovaries are formed on bouquet branches. The main crop is formed on annual shoots and fruit twigs. From a hectare of plantations of the Teremoshka variety, 50–55 centners of berries are harvested, and if all the requirements of agricultural technology are observed, the yield doubles. Berries are collected easily, dry separation prevails. With improper abundant watering and during prolonged rainfall, an acceptable small percentage of cracking is observed.
Scope of berries
The variety is universal. Dessert-type Teremoshka berries are a wonderful fresh delicacy that saturates the body with vitamins. They also make various homemade preparations and drinks.
Disease and pest resistance
The Teremoshka cherry variety has good resistance to moniliosis and coccomycosis. To an average degree, trees are affected by fungi that cause clasterosporiasis. Early spring preventive spraying is carried out against pests.
Advantages and disadvantages
The main advantage of the Teremoshka sweet cherry variety is the possibility of cultivation in relatively cold regions. Also note:
- crown compactness;
- winter hardiness;
- stable yield;
- high consumer qualities of fruits;
- transportability;
- resistance to major fungal diseases.
There are no pronounced shortcomings in the Teremoshka sweet cherry variety, except for general species properties: self-infertility and susceptibility to attacks by insect pests.
Features of landing
For a good harvest, you need to plant cherries correctly.
Recommended dates
In the climate of the middle zone, sweet cherries are planted in the spring, if the seedlings have open roots. Plants in containers move throughout the warm season.
Choosing the right place
For light-loving cherries Teremoshka choose a sunny place. In regions with cold winters, trees are placed 4–5 m from buildings, on the side of the southern wall.
Adhere to the rules:
- groundwater is no higher than 1,5 m;
- do not plant trees in lowlands with melt or rain water;
- the best soils are sandy loams or loams with neutral acidity.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
Berry bushes, other cherries and sweet cherries are quite favorable neighbors for the Teremoshka variety, and tall trees oppress it. The distance between the holes is up to 4–5 m.
- Raspberries suffer from close proximity to cherries.
- Tomatoes or eggplants are not planted near cherries.
Selection and preparation of planting material
They buy Teremoshka seedlings with well-developed buds and elastic roots. The trunk and branches are free of scratches and signs of disease.
Trees with open roots are placed in a clay mash with a growth stimulant solution before planting. Containers are soaked in large containers, an earthen ball is taken out and protruding roots are straightened.
Landing algorithm
- Dig holes measuring 60×60 cm, with the same depth.
- After arranging drainage, they pour nutrient soil with fertilizers, forming it in a hole with a small mound, and set a seedling.
- Nearby put a peg for a garter.
- The root neck of the Teremoshka seedling remains 5 cm above the soil.
- The pit is covered with earth, tamped, the sides are made and watered.
- A one-year-old seedling is cut at a height of 1 m to lay the crown. In 2-year-old seedlings, the growth is shortened by one third.
Culture aftercare
Cherry Teremoshka is cut in March – April, before sap flow. Remove damaged and barren branches, cutting into a ring, without stumps. When branches appear over the summer, which are located low on the trunk, they are cut in August, as well as fast-growing young shoots.
The trunk circle is loosened, especially after watering, which is carried out every week at 20-30 liters per tree. It is important to irrigate Teremoshka cherries in May – June. From the beginning of July, watering is stopped so that the fruits do not crack. Then watered in August and October.
- In April, the Teremoshka variety is fertilized with nitrogen fertilizing.
- In the summer – with superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
- Mulch with humus before winter or early spring.
In autumn, seedlings are wrapped with agro-textiles and rodent nets. Snow is thrown to the trunk for insulation.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases | Evidence | Treatment | Prevention |
Klyasterosporiosis | Leaves, shoots and fruits in brown spots. Later on the leaves of the hole | Spraying with Bordeaux liquid, Horus fungicide | Leaves harvesting in autumn, pruning |
Bacteriosis (cancer) | Spots on leaves, fruits, ulcers on shoots and stalks | Affected parts are removed | Nitrogen fertilization, moderate watering |
destroyed | Spots on the leaves | Fungitsidы | Cleaning up leaves and fallen fruit |
vermin | Evidence | Methods of struggle | Prevention |
aphid | Leaves twisted | Soap/soda solution | Fufanon |
Cherry Pipe Roller | Beetles feed on flowers, buds, ovaries | Insekticidы | Digging up the soil |
cherry fly | fruit with a hole | Insekticidы | Digging the soil, timely picking berries |
Conclusion
Sweet cherry Teremoshka is cultivated more and more widely due to the yield and winter hardiness of the variety. Gardeners only need to worry about pollinators and shelter seedlings for the winter. Simple tree care will bring sweet, delicious fruits to the delight of the owners.
