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Duke Nochka is a cherry-cherry hybrid. His homeland is Donetsk (Ukraine). Cherry Nochka has many advantages, for the implementation of which it is important to properly plant the culture and properly care for it.
Description of the cherry variety Nochka
VCHG Nochka was bred by Lilia Ivanovna Taranenko, an honored agronomist. This variety appeared thanks to the American early-fruited hybrid of the Nord Star cherry and the large-fruited sweet cherry Valery Chkalov.
From sweet cherries, the hybrid received large buds, straight shoots of dark brown color. Their branches are covered with smooth bark. Cherry leaves Nights with clearly defined convex veins on the reverse side, resemble cherry ones in appearance, but surpass them in size. The foliage is dark green, dense. The front side of the sheet plates of the hybrid is glossy.
The popularity of the Nochka cherry is largely due to its versatility in relation to possible growing regions. The tree feels best in the Middle lane, southern regions. Due to frost resistance, Nochka cherries can be grown in areas with harsh winters, the yield will not be affected, but it will be necessary to properly prepare the cherries for wintering.
The height and dimensions of the cherry tree Nochka
Nochka is a low tree, it grows by about 2,7-3,2 m. A wide pyramidal crown was transferred from the cherry to the Duke.
Description of fruits
Nochka gives large rounded berries, resembling hearts due to the hollow at the stalk. The average weight of cherry fruits is 7-10 g. The inflorescence is a brush, on which there can be 6-8 berries.
The fruits of the Nochka cherry have a maroon skin and a black tint. Inside is a large bone, it is separated easily.
Nochka berries with very juicy burgundy-red pulp combine the taste qualities of the parents of the hybrid – cherry aroma, sourness inherent in sweet cherries. The hybrid has a high tasting score – 4,6 out of a possible 5 points.
On the stalks, the berries hold tightly, do not crumble when ripe. They don’t bake in the sun.
It was the dark red color with a dark tint of fruits that “gave” the name to Nochka
Pollinators for Duke Nochka
The cherry hybrid is self-infertile – it pollinates a maximum of 1,3% with its own pollen if the weather conditions are favorable. Flowering time depends on weather conditions. In warm weather, Nochka blooms in mid-May. If the region is cool, then cherry budding occurs at the beginning of June.
The best pollinator for the Nochka hybrid is Tenderness cherry – 13% according to the results of the study. This combination ensures maximum yield of the hybrid.
This variety is recommended for the Astrakhan region and the North Caucasus region
Pollinators for Nochka cherries can be some varieties of cherries:
- Lyubskaya;
Cherry is suitable for the North-Western, Central, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Middle, Lower Volga regions
- Meteor;
Cherry is recommended for the Central Black Earth, southern regions
- Youth;
Cherry is suitable for the Moscow region, the Urals
- Nord Star.
Cherry is common in Ukraine, Belarus, central, southern regions
The main characteristics of cherry Nochka
Before planting a hybrid, you need to familiarize yourself with its basic characteristics. This is important to ensure proper care for the plant.
Drought resistance, frost resistance of cherry Nochka
Cherry Nochka is drought-resistant, not afraid of heat. Together with undemanding watering, this makes the variety desirable in the southern arid regions.
Cherry Nochka is native to a warm region, but it is frost-resistant. Duke tolerates temperatures down to -30-35 ° C.
Productivity
Cherry Nochka is an early-growing variety. After planting, the first fruiting occurs in the third year.
Cherry Nochka ripens at the end of July. In cool regions, where flowering begins later, the timing of harvest is also shifted.
The yield of Nochka cherries reaches 20-25 kg per tree. This indicator depends on several factors:
- cherry age – 12 years is considered the peak, then the yield decreases;
- compliance with the rules of care – pruning, watering, fertilizing, preparing for winter;
- damage by diseases, pests.
If transportation or storage is planned, then the fruits of the hybrid must be collected with petioles. Harvest is consumed fresh, used for making desserts. The variety is suitable for canning, drying, freezing.
From cherries for the winter, you can prepare compote, jam or jam
Advantages and disadvantages
Night fell in love with many gardeners for its merits:
- frost resistance;
- drought tolerance;
- large berries;
- good taste and aroma;
- possibility of transportation;
- universality in application;
- high resistance to coccomycosis.
All these advantages are opposed only by 2 disadvantages of Nochka – the self-fertility of the variety, the low yield of cherries.
Rules for planting Nochka’s bellflower
Planting a hybrid is not difficult, especially if you have similar experience with cherries. One of the important points is the choice of Nochka seedlings, which must meet the following requirements:
- well developed, healthy root system;
- moist bright brown roots, there should be no damage;
- green trunk with clean and smooth bark;
- height 0,7-1,3 m
- age 1-2 years.
Cherry roots should be treated with a talker – mix equally mullein and clay. After processing, wrap them with a rag, place in a bag.
Recommended dates
It is better to plant Nochka in early spring, before the movement of juices begins. If the region is southern, then autumn planting of cherries is allowed.
Site selection and soil preparation
The Nochka tree will grow in one place for 20-25 years, so it is important to carefully choose a site. The following conditions are optimal:
- a small hill with a slope of 10-15 °;
- southern or southwestern slope;
- natural protection from the wind from the north or northeast;
- slightly acidic or neutral soil; cherries will not grow on acidified and saline soil.
If a spring planting of Nochka cherries is planned, then the place must be prepared in the fall. To do this, you need to dig a hole, add a nutrient mixture:
- compost or humus 2-3 buckets;
- ash 2 l;
- superphosphate 0,3 kg.
How to plant
Algorithm for planting cherries Nochka:
- In the pit prepared since autumn, form a small mound.
- Carefully straighten the roots of the seedling, place it on a mound.
- Cover the ground in layers, compacting each of them.
- Do not deepen the root collar. The vaccination site should rise 2-3 cm above the ground.
- Form a trunk circle and an earthen roller in diameter.
- Plentifully water the bush, mulch it. A cherry bush needs 2-3 buckets of water.
If the site was not processed in the fall, then at least 2 weeks before planting cherries, all preparatory procedures must be carried out.
Mandatory application of organic fertilizers – manure, humus, bird droppings
Features of care
The main care for Cherry Nochka is watering, fertilizing, pruning. Each stage is important to carry out correctly, in a timely manner.
Watering and fertilizing schedule
Nochka is a drought-resistant variety and has a negative attitude towards waterlogging. Cherry watering is needed in the following periods:
- before flowering, if the weather was dry;
- during budding, growth of ovaries, if there are dry days;
- after harvest;
- before cold weather – such watering is called water-charging.
When growing Nochka cherries, fertilizing is mandatory. This is necessary for good growth and development of the duke, a rich, high-quality crop. You should act according to the schedule:
- Spring dressing of cherries. Make ammonium nitrate, urea, nitroammophoska. For 1 m² you need 20-30 g of fertilizer. They bring it in for digging.
- Duke flowering. 1-5 kg of humus or compost are applied per 6 m². It is effective to use fertilizer for mulching after watering.
- Autumn is when the berries are picked. During this period, after watering, liquid top dressing should be applied. You need to add 10 liters of bird droppings or 0,5 liter of mullein to a 1-liter bucket of water, leave for 1,5 weeks, then dilute in 5 parts of water. For 1 m² you need 3-3,5 liters of fertilizer.
Trimming
The need for such a procedure arises when the Nochka tree turns 5-6 years old. By this time, it is fully rooted and strengthened.
The height of an adult tree rarely exceeds 3 m, therefore cherry pruning is not needed.
The night needs sanitary pruning when damaged, dry and diseased branches are cut out. Such work is carried out in early spring or late autumn, when there is no sap flow.
Cherries also need rejuvenating pruning, it is necessary to remove drooping branches that no longer bear fruit. Such procedures are carried out until the plant is 15 years old.
Preparation for winter
Cherry Nochka is a frost-resistant hybrid, but still it needs to be prepared for winter:
- Whitewash the trunk and skeletal branches when the leaf fall has passed. This will protect the bark from temperature extremes at the end of winter, premature heating of wood during it.
- Cover cherries for the winter. The roots of Nochka require such protection, since they are mostly located in the upper layers of the soil. In areas with frosty winters and little snow cover, you need to mulch the trunk circle. For this, sawdust, straw, foliage, humus are suitable. A layer of mulch of 15-20 cm is enough.
Diseases and pests
With high resistance to coccomycosis, Nochka cherry is not protected from other fungal diseases. A hybrid can be affected by the following troubles:
- Perforated spotting, called klesterosporiosis. First, small black dots appear, which in 2 weeks grow to red-burgundy circles. Inside them, the sheet dries out, holes appear. Leaves dry and fall off. Before flowering, Nitrafen is used to treat cherries, after it, biofungicides – Quadris, Horus.
Hole spot spreads quickly and its signs are hard to miss
- Monilial burn, called moniliosis. Shoots, leaves, stalks of cherries are affected. The disease is manifested by blackening, sagging of the affected parts, which can lead to the death of the tree. Preparations are used as with perforated spotting.
Affected cherry shoots are cut out, capturing 0,2-0,3 m of healthy wood
The hybrid can also suffer from pests:
- Cherry fly. The pest of cherries appears at the onset of heat, the first food is the sweet secretions of aphids. Caterpillars feed on ripe berries.
It’s easy to deal with a pest – you need to get rid of cherry aphids
- Long-nosed. It feeds on young shoots, leaves and cherry blossoms. Until the temperature reaches 10 ° C, the beetles can be shaken off at night or early in the morning on a cloth or film to destroy.
When it gets warmer, only fungicides such as Decis, Nitrafen, Fufanon will save the pest
- Slimy sawyer. It looks like a hybrid of a slug and a caterpillar, 4-6 cm in size. It eats cherry leaves, leaving only veins. For prevention, autumn digging of the soil is needed, if larvae are found, collect them by hand or rinse with a stream of water.
If cherry damage is massive, then insecticides will have to be used.
- Aphid. For prevention, it is necessary to destroy the anthills on the site; to fight, use systemic insecticides such as Iskra, Phyto Farms.
The main danger of aphids is that the insect pest multiplies rapidly
Conclusion
Duke Nochka is a cherry-cherry hybrid with excellent taste and aroma. It can be grown in different regions, the plant is not afraid of drought and frost. Proper care and timely disease prevention will ensure a good harvest of Nochka.
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