Contents
Cherry Bystrinka is the result of the work of breeders from the All- Research Institute. To obtain a tree, the varieties Cinderella and Zhukovskaya were crossed. In 2004, she was entered into the State Register.
Description of Bystrinka cherry
The variety was developed by breeders for cultivation in the Central strip of Our Country. It successfully grows and bears fruit in more southern regions. In areas with a cold northern climate, under certain conditions, the Bystrinka cherry also grows, but the yield will be much lower than expected.
Height and dimensions of an adult tree
Cherry variety Bystrinka is classified as undersized. According to the photo and description, it is able to reach up to 2-2,5 m in height. Its crown is quite dense, similar in shape to a ball, slightly raised.
Shoots of medium length, straight. Their color is brown with brown. Lentils are yellow in color and medium in size, in small numbers. The kidney in the form of an oval is rejected from the escape to the side.
The leaf plates of the cherries are oval-shaped with a pointed top, green in color.
There is a serration along the edges of the Bystrinka variety leaf, and it itself has a slightly wrinkled surface, curving down
The petiole is thin, reaching 16 mm in length. The inflorescence consists of 4 flowers, appears at the end of May.
The corolla of each of them reaches a diameter of 21,5 mm, has a saucer shape. The petals are white, touching each other. Anthers in relation to the stigma of the pistil are placed higher. The calyces of the Quickie are in the form of bells with strong notches.
The ovary and berries are formed on annual branches or bouquet shoots.
Description of fruits
Cherry Bystrinka has an oval shape, its weight varies from 3,4 to 4,2 g. Berry color is dark red. The same shade of flesh inside, it is very juicy and elastic to the touch. Inside the berry is dark red juice. A stone weighing up to 0,2 g, which is 5,5% by weight of the cherry. It is yellow in color with a rounded top, when pressed, it easily separates from the pulp. The peduncle is of medium thickness, reaches a length of 26 mm.
According to the tasting assessment, the Bystrinka cherry variety was assigned 4,3 points. The pulp inside is tender, sweet, but with a slight sourness.
In fruits, 12,8% are solids, sugars account for up to 9,9%, and the percentage of acids is 1,3%
Cherry Pollinators Bystrinka
According to the description and reviews of the Bystrinka cherry, the variety is self-fertile, so planting pollinators on the site is not required. But their absence negatively affects the yield and the timing of fruit ripening.
The best option is to place the Turgenevskaya variety in the neighborhood. It begins to bloom in mid-May, and bear fruit in July.
Tree flowers do not tolerate spring frosts and temperature changes
The Kharitonovskaya variety is also suitable as a pollinator. It is drought tolerant and frost tolerant.
Flowers appear at the end of May, and the harvest can be harvested from mid-July
Main characteristics
Cherry Bystrinka is a representative of mid-season varieties. It is unpretentious in care, but is highly productive.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
Cherry Bystrinka is characterized by good resistance to lack of moisture and unpretentious care. The tree safely survives medium frosts: up to -35 ° C. Flower buds are not afraid of lower temperatures.
Productivity
The variety has an early ripening period: the first flowers appear in mid-May, and the crop can be harvested from the last week of July.
Despite self-fertility, a high yield is ensured if pollinators are located next to the Bystrinka cherry: up to 80 centners of berries are harvested from one hectare.
The harvested crop can be consumed fresh, or it is used for compotes, jams or other preparations. Preserves the appearance and taste of frozen cherries.
Drying of berries is also possible: the procedure avoids the loss of useful properties of the fruit
Advantages and disadvantages
Among the main advantages that are valuable among gardeners are the high yield and compactness of the tree.
Advantages of the variety:
- high taste characteristics;
- unpretentiousness in care;
- precociousness;
- high transportability of the crop.
Among the disadvantages of Bystrinka cherries is susceptibility to fungal diseases: coccomycosis and moniliosis.
Rules of landing
Despite the unpretentiousness of the variety in care, the Bystrinka cherry bears fruit more abundantly if you initially choose the right place on the site and plant the seedling. The procedure should be carried out taking into account the composition of the soil in the garden and climatic features.
Recommended dates
In the southern regions, the optimal time for planting is autumn. In areas with a more northern climate, it is recommended to transfer seedlings to open ground in the spring. When choosing a planting date, it is necessary to take into account that the tree needs time for its root system to strengthen and survive the winter safely.
Site selection and soil preparation
Cherry Bystrinka is an unpretentious variety; it successfully bears fruit on loamy or sandy loamy soils equipped with a drainage system. Soil acidity should be neutral. On oxidized soil, the tree grows poorly and often dies.
On the site, a place should be allocated for a tree on the south side, protected from the wind. It should be located on a slight elevation: the required depth of groundwater flow is not lower than 2,5 m.
Before purchasing a seedling, it should be examined: it should have a closed root system, there should be no cracks, growths or peeling on the trunk and branches.
A one-year-old seedling must have one central trunk with a diameter of at least 1,5 cm
How to plant
The procedure should begin with the preparation of the pit. It should be 60 cm deep and 70 cm wide. If you want to plant several seedlings, then it is important to maintain a distance of 2,5 m between them.
Preliminary preparation for planting a young seedling consists in soaking its roots in growth stimulants (Epin, Gaupsin) for 4 hours
Algorithm for transferring Bystrinka cherries to open ground:
- in the center of the hole, drive a peg made of wood to a height of 2 m to create a support for the cherry;
- put top dressing at the bottom of the hole (mix 1 liter of ash with 5 kg of compost and 30 g of superphosphate);
- transfer the seedling into the pit, make sure that the roots are straightened, and the root collar protrudes 3-4 cm above the surface of the hole;
- cover with soil, compact the soil around the seedling and water (up to 2 buckets for each tree);
- mulch the ground using peat or sawdust.
Features of care
It depends on compliance with the rules of agricultural technology whether the seedling will successfully take root. Timely watering and top dressing, as well as disease prevention, are the key to abundant fruiting.
Watering and fertilizing schedule
Within 2 years after transplanting the seedling, it is not required to fertilize it. Top dressing schemes are different: in the spring, before the flowers bloom, watering is carried out with carbide. To do this, 1 g of the substance is dissolved in 30 bucket of water. In autumn, rotted manure should be added to the near-trunk circle of a tree at the rate of 3 kg per m2.
During the flowering period, in order to form more ovaries, the crown should be treated with boric acid, diluting 10 g of the drug in 10 liters of water
Young seedlings are demanding on watering: the ground should be moistened every 14 days, and during periods of drought twice a week.
One Bystrinka cherry tree requires 10 to 20 liters of water. If the air temperature drops or rainy periods become more frequent, then it is not necessary to moisten the ground.
Trimming
Cherry Bystrinka is a low-growing variety, so it needs regular pruning. The procedure is carried out after the snow melts, before the buds open.
Formation should be carried out in the first year after planting in open ground. Annual seedlings must be shortened to the point where branching is expected. The cut should be straight, located 5 cm above the kidney.
In two-year-old cherry seedlings of the Bystrinka variety, up to 8 skeletal branches should be left during pruning, then shortened by 1/3 so that there is no excess growth. In subsequent years, weak or damaged branches should be removed.
It is recommended to remove shoots on the trunk in the spring or summer months
At the end of the procedure, all sections should be treated with garden pitch, otherwise the immunity of the tree will weaken.
Preparation for winter
A young tree should be prepared for the upcoming frosts: whitewash the trunk, collect and burn all the fallen leaves, cover the near-stem circle with mulch. If the growth of the cherry allows, then it can be completely wrapped with a covering material.
It is enough to whitewash mature trees or cover their trunks with improvised means from rodents, Bystrinka cherry varieties are not afraid of frost
Diseases and pests
The variety is susceptible to diseases caused by fungi. The main types of infections: fruit rot, cocomycosis, leaf curl, perforated spotting, anthracnose.
It is necessary to regularly remove weeds and rotten leaves around the tree, loosen the soil around the trunk circle. Flowers should be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid, after diluting 200 g of the substance in 10 liters of water.
If there are signs of a disease of a variety, the color of the leaf plates has changed, they curl or fall off, the tree abruptly stops growing and bearing fruit, then the cherry should be treated with fungicides.
To prevent the attack of aphids, sawflies or cherry moths, you should spray the cherry with Aktofit or Bioreid. When they are ineffective, it is recommended to use insecticides.
Conclusion
Cherry Bystrinka is a high-yielding variety, unpretentious in care. The tree is stunted, so it can be grown in small garden plots. The harvested crop is universal in use, both for personal purposes and in industry.
Reviews of gardeners about cherry Bystrinka
