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Nosebleeds are a fairly common problem. This is due to the fact that the blood vessels are close to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. According to statistics, nosebleeds are more common in children of ten years and in the elderly. Women are also more prone to nosebleeds than men.
Methods of cauterization of vessels in the nasal cavity
In medical practice, there are many ways to stop nosebleeds. Let’s look at them in more detail.
Coagulation with a radiosurgical knife
This procedure belongs to electrosurgical interventions. Its main goal is to prevent nosebleeds and make sure that they do not occur again. As a result of coagulation, the tissues of the nasal cavity are not destroyed.
The procedure is carried out using an electric current. During the coagulation process, soft tissue and skin cells are heated. Because of this, the liquid in the cells begins to boil and evaporate. As a result, an incision of a special depth is formed, in which the blood coagulates and undergoes a disinfection process.
The radiosurgical knife has the form of a thin electrode, which does not heat up during cauterization. The advantage of the procedure is that at the time of cauterization, the mucous membrane and tissues of the nasal cavity are not injured. After the mini-operation, the patient has no unpleasant discomfort and pain. There is also no process of inflammation and swelling.
Laser cauterization of nosebleeds
For this procedure, doctors use a machine that delivers laser beams of special power. The supply of rays can be constant and pulsed. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body. Only a doctor who will carry out cauterization can determine this.
If the doctor is experienced, then he directs the beam correctly. Because of this, nearby tissues and cells are not injured. A film is formed at the site of cauterization by a laser, which prevents pathogenic microorganisms from penetrating into an open wound. Thus, anti-inflammatory processes are completely absent.
The procedure is carried out in a supine position. Before starting, the patient is given local anesthesia. The cauterization process lasts approximately half an hour. During this time, the patient should be in one position and not move. Otherwise, the laser will burn out healthy cells of the mucous membrane.
The recovery period lasts two to three hours. At this time, the patient is under the supervision of the attending physician. If everything is fine and the patient does not have serious deviations, then the patient can go home.
To prevent serious complications, the patient should refrain from:
- the use of a certain group of drugs (only those prescribed by the attending physician are possible);
- visits to baths and saunas;
- drinking alcoholic beverages;
- smoking
Cauterization with silver
This technique is used now very rarely, and most likely, it will already be a thing of the past. The reason lies not in its inefficiency, it is just now difficult to find silver in a pharmacy. Also in modern medicine there are already many new and less traumatic procedures.
Silver nitrate is applied to a bleeding vessel. As a result, a crust forms, which eventually disappears on its own. It is impossible to rip it off on your own, otherwise the effect of recovery will not come.
Other ways to cauterize the nasal vessels
To create scabs, doctors resort to the use of certain acids. It can be trichloroacetic, lactic and chromic acid, alum, zinc salts and tannin. The method of cauterization is selected solely by the depth of cauterization. For each patient, it is selected individually.
Often, after cauterization, the nasal vessels bleed again in the patient. To avoid this, it is necessary to cauterize not only the place where the blood comes from, but also the area around this place. In this way, a greater effect can be achieved.
The use of liquid nitrogen is compared to cauterization. Nitrogen is presented as a colorless liquid. There is no smell at all. The temperature of the cauterizing liquid is 196 degrees with a minus value.
During the procedure, cauterization affects only the affected area of the vessel, without leaving scars. At this time, the tissue is practically not injured. This procedure is called cryotherapy, and can be performed during the period of bleeding.
Surgical cauterization
The procedure is carried out exclusively in a hospital setting. With the help of radio waves, you can save the patient from bleeding, inflammation of the mucous membrane, inflammation of the palatine tonsils. You can also remove neoplasms that have been diagnosed in the nasal cavity.
Features of cauterization of vessels in the nasal cavity
After the patient has undergone the procedure, he must adhere to special rules for some time. This will prevent re-bleeding and complications.
Firstly, the first few days you can not strain your nose so that the film does not disperse. If it falls off prematurely, it can provoke the development of an inflammatory process.
Secondly, you can’t blow your nose, and thirdly, you shouldn’t try to remove the crust yourself. Even if it causes discomfort in the nasal cavity, then you need to be patient. It will fall off on its own soon.
After the operation, for about two days, it is necessary to lubricate the nasal passage with petroleum jelly or sea buckthorn oil. But again, this must be done carefully. Perhaps, instead of oil, the doctor will prescribe a medicinal ointment.
If you notice that you periodically start bleeding from your nose, then you should consult a doctor for help. It is cauterization of blood vessels that will allow you to get rid of this disease for a long time.
Only the attending physician can prescribe cauterization. When choosing a procedure, he is guided by the results of an objective examination and an additional examination.