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Carbon combines with oxygen to form chemicals such as carbon monoxide (II) and carbon monoxide (IV). Carbon monoxide (II) is commonly called carbon monoxide, which is poisonous to humans. Carbon monoxide (IV) is most often called carbon dioxide, which is of great importance for the environment. What else is characterized by carbon monoxide (II) and carbon monoxide (IV)?
Carbon monoxide (II) – what is carbon monoxide?
Carbon monoxide (II) – most often called – carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide (II) is a gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and also extremely poisonous, which is why it is also commonly referred to as the “silent killer”. Carbon monoxide is released when the combustion does not provide sufficient oxygen for the complete combustion of various fuels, e.g. wood, oil, oil, gasoline or gas. Carbon monoxide binds 250-300 times faster to hemoglobin than oxygen, and thus blocks the supply of oxygen to the body just as quickly. This is how it arises carboxyhemoglobin, i.e. a combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin (CO + Hb → COHb).
Consequently, the small amount of carbon monoxide in the air causes it to be immediately absorbed into the bloodstream, causing the body to lack oxygen, which can lead to death by suffocation. About 2 people are poisoned with carbon monoxide every year. Time is also the cause of about 100 deaths each year.
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Carbon monoxide ppm – poisoning
Carbon monoxide poisoning is often confused with flu symptoms. Symptoms that can be seen after carbon monoxide poisoning are usually: tiredness, headache, nausea, and increased heart rate. Vomiting, fainting, convulsions and breathing problems appear at a higher degree of poisoning. A very high concentration of carbon monoxide, approx. 12000 ppm (parts per million), can kill a person in a few minutes. Carbon monoxide concentration allowed by the World Health Organization is 35 ppm, around 200 ppm a person begins to feel ailments related to poisoning.
Often the cause of carbon monoxide release is faulty burners or gas stoves, obstruction of chimneys or improperly functioning ventilation. Very often, the source of carbon monoxide release can also be: a running car in a closed room, fireplaces, cookers and even barbecues.
Therefore, it is extremely important to ventilate the rooms regularly and maintain adequate air circulation, especially in places where heating mechanisms are used. It is also necessary to regularly check the patency of ventilation, as well as to check the condition of chimneys and regular checks of the efficiency of heating devices.
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Carbon monoxide sensors
In order to protect against the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning, many people choose to purchase sensors. When selecting a device, be sure to check the device certificate. Remember that it must be on the product Technical Opinion of CNBOP – is a Polish certificate confirming the fulfillment of the requirements contained in individual certificates:
- EN50291-1: 2010 certificate – it is a mat with a basic standard that perfectly meets the domestic conditions,
- EN50291-2: 2010 certificate – it is a sensor for places with specific conditions, e.g. humidity or temperature.
Carbon monoxide (IV) – specificity and use
Carbon monoxide (IV) is also known as carbon dioxide – a colorless and odorless gas, soluble in water. Carbon dioxide is an important element that plays a role in photosynthesis as well as in the processes of the greenhouse effect.
Carbon monoxide (IV) occurs naturally in the atmosphere and is associated with respiration and the vital functions of plants, it is also a component of underground and volcanic gases. Carbon monoxide (IV) has also found application in the food industry. The popular “bubbles” found in carbonated drinks are carbon monoxide (IV). It also creates the so-called dry ice, which is used to store and keep food fresh. Carbon dioxide can also be found in snow and foam extinguishers.
Carbon monoxide (IV) – poisoning
In the free state in the air, it is present in about 0,08%. A concentration of about 5% causes the first symptoms of poisoning, and a concentration of about 20% can cause death within a few minutes. Often the first symptom of poisoning is dizziness and fainting.
Unfortunately, carbon dioxide poisoning is also possible, especially in places like mines and industrial plants. Poisoning consists of hypoxia in the body as well as hypercapnia, which in combination lead to respiratory acidosis, causing swelling of the brain and irritation of the respiratory center.
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