Contents
The vesicle viburnum appeared relatively recently – at the end of the XNUMXth century. Since then, this unpretentious plant has been used quite often in landscape design and ornamental gardening. Planting and caring for the viburnum vesicle is simple, so even beginner gardening enthusiasts can easily cope with the cultivation of this shrub.
Features of planting and caring for the vesicle shrub
The homeland of the vesicle of the viburnum is North America. Under natural conditions, this plant is quite common in the northeastern United States and Canada. Distribution area – mixed forests, river banks. Initially, the viburnum vesicle was brought as an exhibit to the Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg, and closer to the middle of the XNUMXth century it spread widely in other regions of European Our Country.
In this article, a description of the viburnum vesicle is given, the basic principles of planting and caring for it are given, photos of the plant are presented in various options for its use.
Viburnum viburnum is a deciduous shrub with a height of 1 to 3 m. It is very decorative at any time of the year due to reddish-brown shoots that form a sprawling spherical crown, as well as dark leaves that have a red, purple or burgundy hue. Some varieties have yellow or lemon-colored leaves. The shrub is unpretentious in cultivation, has excellent frost resistance, tolerates gas pollution well, due to which it is widely used for landscaping streets and industrial zones.
How to plant a vesicle
In ornamental gardening and landscape design, the viburnum can be used both to create separate compositions in the form of color accents or geometric shapes, and for hedges. When landing, the following factors should be considered:
- The plant does not tolerate calcareous soil.
- Do not allow stagnation of water in the roots.
The shrub is undemanding to illumination, however, in the shade, its foliage becomes lighter and loses its decorative effect a little, acquiring the usual green color.
Terms of planting
The best time for planting a viburnum vesicle is spring and autumn. Seedlings with a closed root system (from a container) can be planted in the summer. The rooting rate of this plant is very high.
Soil for the vesicle
The viburnum vesicle is undemanding to the composition of the soil, the main thing is that it should not be alkaline. This shrub grows well both on loamy and sandy loamy lands, but it will have the most decorative appearance if planted on loose fertile soil. The plant is sensitive to excess water, so places where moisture can stagnate should be avoided, and drainage must be provided when planting.
Distance between vesicles when planting
When creating hedges, seedlings of this ornamental shrub are planted in a checkerboard pattern in 2 rows, keeping a distance between adjacent seedlings of 45-50 cm, and between rows of 35-40 cm. This allows you to get enough density so that the trimmed hedge does not seem transparent.
Planting patterns with vesicle
A hedge from a viburnum vesicle is usually limited to pruning from 1, 2 or 3 sides, giving the shape of a rectangle. In addition, the plant can be planted as a tapeworm, as well as in composition with other landscape gardening plantings. Often, the viburnum vesicle is used as part of mixboards, highlighting it as a color accent, or used as a background, planting lighter plantings in front of it.
The vesicle as part of the mixboard is in the photo below.
Rules for planting the vesicle of the viburnum:
- Planting the vesicle of the viburnum is very simple. For planting, planting pits are prepared so that they are larger than the volume of the root system of the seedling.
- A layer of drainage must be poured at the bottom. Building expanded clay is well suited for this purpose, you can use crushed stone, brick fragments or even coarse sand.
- A mound of earth is poured at the bottom, spreading the roots of the seedling over it, after which the pit is gradually sprinkled with soil, periodically compacting it.
- After the planting hole is completely filled, the root neck of the plant should be flush with the ground.
- If the seedling is in a container, then it is removed and transplanted along with the earth, without shaking it off the roots. So that the plant can be freely removed, 10-15 minutes before planting, the soil in the container must be watered.
- A carefully removed seedling is placed vertically in the planting hole and covered with earth.
- After planting, the plant should be well watered, and cover the root zone with a layer of peat or humus mulch.
What to plant next to the vesicle
Neighbors of the vesicle can be a variety of plants. In landscape design, this shrub is often planted next to narrow-pyramidal conifers, lighter deciduous shrubs, and large flowers. The plant is not selfish and gets along well with all neighbors. An exception may be only large trees with a large number of superficial roots, such as willow or chestnut. Next to them, the shrub will lack nutrients and be oppressed.
Kalinolistny vesicles are red-leaved and yellow-leaved. The first includes varieties such as Diabolo, Red Baron, the second – Luteus, Dartsgold. Often they are planted side by side, alternating varieties of different colors. Such a motley hedge looks very picturesque and original.
How to grow a vesicle
The viburnum viburnum after planting in the spring requires minimal care. However, in order not to run the plants, some activities are still better to carry out. These works include:
- watering;
- top dressing;
- pruning.
In addition to these works, many gardeners take additional measures to care for the root zone. It is weeded, loosened, mulched. For decorative purposes, a border of stones of various sizes is often built around the bush.
Watering and top dressing
Watering is required for the viburnum vesicle only during hot dry periods. At this time, it is advisable to pour 1-2 buckets of water under the root of each adult bush 2-4 times a week. In the rest of the year, the plant is quite enough and precipitation. Excess moisture will harm the vesicle much more than its lack, so you should not be zealous with watering.
It is not necessary to feed the bushes, the fertility of the soil is of secondary importance for this plant. Despite this, fertilizers can and even need to be applied if the viburnum is grown on poor soils. Usually top dressing is done twice per season. In the spring, the bushes are fertilized with a solution of nitrogen-containing fertilizer, for example, nitroammophoska. This very well stimulates the growth of shoots and an increase in green mass. Often use organic infusions, slurry or chicken manure. Such fertilizers are applied to the near-stem circle in the form of aqueous solutions. In autumn, superphosphate and potash fertilizers are used. This strengthens the plants before wintering.
Trimming and shaping
Pruning of vesicle bushes is done for several purposes:
- Sanitary pruning. It is carried out in early spring and autumn, as well as in case of emergency (spoilage of the bush, disease, mechanical damage). During sanitary pruning, dry, broken, improperly growing or diseased or pest-affected branches are removed.
- Forming pruning. Produced to increase the density of the crown or give it a decorative look. To give the bush the fountain shape characteristic of the vesicle, large branches are cut at a height of 1,5 moths of earth, and thin shoots are completely removed. If the goal is to get a bush of maximum density, the branches are cut at a height of half a meter, stimulating the growth of a large number of side shoots. After forcing the shoots, the crown is cut to the desired size or it is given a certain shape.
- Rejuvenating pruning. It is carried out with a frequency of 1 time in 4-5 years. Its purpose is to remove old shoots and grow young ones instead. In this case, part of the age branches are cut out at the root, young ones are grown instead. Within a few years, a complete rejuvenation of the bush is carried out.
Useful video on pruning the vesicle:
Vesicle transplant
If for some reason the bush of the viburnum vesicle needs to be transplanted to a new place, then this can be done either in early spring, before the start of the growing season, or in autumn, after the end of leaf fall. Transplantation must be done along with a clod of earth on the roots. The older the bush, the larger the volume of its root system, so the transplantation of adult bushes is much more laborious. Before transplanting, all stems of the plant are shortened to a length of 0,2–0,3 m. This will reduce the load on the root system and contribute to its speedy adaptation in a new place.
For transplantation, the bush is dug around from all sides, trying not to damage the roots. Then the plant is removed from the ground and transferred to a new location. It is best to do this on a piece of dense fabric, so you can’t do it without outside help.
A bush transplant is done in the same order as the planting of a young plant. Transplanted bushes are installed in pre-dug planting pits, after which the existing voids are covered with earth. To speed up adaptation, planted bushes are watered with a solution of a root formation stimulator (Kornevin or Heteroauxin). To reduce the evaporation of water, the ground around the transplanted bush is covered with a layer of mulch. Dry peat is well suited for this purpose.
Preparation for winter
The vesicle Kalinolistny differs in excellent resistance to negative temperatures. He is not afraid of even the most severe frosts. Therefore, no measures should be taken to prepare it for winter. The maximum that can happen to him during the winter is that the tips of the shoots will freeze. This happens quite rarely, in the most severe frosts. If this happens, then in early spring the frozen ends will need to be cut off during sanitary pruning.
The subtleties of growing a vesicle in different regions
Differences in the care and cultivation of the viburnum vesicle in different regions of Our Country are minimal. This is due to its unpretentiousness and frost resistance.
Planting and caring for a vesicle in Siberia
Planting and care in the open field for the vesicle of the viburnum in Siberia do not differ from the generally accepted ones. Young seedlings are planted at the same time, the planting procedure is standard. Plant care is minimal. Preparation for winter is usually not done. The frost resistance of this ornamental shrub is enough to winter even in Siberia without shelter.
Agrotechnics for growing a vesicle in the Moscow region
In the Moscow region, the climate is much milder than in Siberia. However, there is much more precipitation here, so when landing, you need to choose a place where water does not stagnate after rains. Be sure to drain the landing pits. Otherwise, the procedures for planting and caring for the viburnum in the Moscow region do not differ from the usual events held in any other region of Our Country.
Pests and diseases of the vesicle
The viburnum viburnum is very resistant to diseases and pests. Most often, chlorosis appears on the plant – a disease associated with a lack of nutrients in the soil. You can detect this disease by changing the color of the leaves to a lighter one, while green veins will be clearly visible inside the leaf. Chlorosis is treated by spraying bushes with solutions of preparations containing iron: Ferovit, Antichlorosis. You can make these drugs under the root, but foliar treatment is more effective.
In conditions of high humidity, especially when grown on clay soils, the root system of this shrub may begin to rot. At the same time, the leaves of the vesicle wither and dry, and a gray coating of powdery mildew, a fungal disease, often appears on them. Such shoots need to be cut and destroyed in a timely manner, and it is better to transplant the shrub to a higher place.
Insect pests on the vesiculocarp are extremely rare. Therefore, no special treatment from them, as a rule, is carried out.
Reproduction
There are several ways to propagate the vesicle of the viburnum:
- layering;
- division of the bush;
- cuttings;
- seeds.
Vegetative methods give a faster result, while maintaining all the varietal characteristics of the plant. The seed method does not guarantee this. It is best to propagate the vesicle by cuttings or layering in the spring. You can divide the bushes in spring and summer. The rooting of the vesicle is excellent, and when using rooting stimulants it can reach 100%.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for the viburnum vesicle usually do not cause difficulties. Many call it a “shrub for the lazy”, because it retains its decorative effect well and is extremely unpretentious. Even with minimal care, the viburnum vesicle will grow and bloom, while it does not freeze out, hibernating without shelter, and practically does not get sick. Therefore, it can be safely recommended for planting to lovers of ornamental gardening who want to decorate the landscape of the garden, but are not ready to devote a lot of time to caring for plantings.