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Ivan Alekseevich Bunin (1870 – 1953) – poet and writer, academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. The first Russian winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature. After the October Revolution he lived in France for 33 years. One of the best writers of the Russian emigration.
Life milestones
In his youth, the writer traveled frequently. He traveled to the south of Russia, visited Turkey, Romania, Egypt, Italy, Palestine and Ceylon. Important points on the map of his fate were the cities: Oryol, Yelets, Moscow, Poltava, Petersburg, Odessa, Grasse, Paris.
Four women brought bright colors and love experiences to the life and work of the writer – Galina Kuznetsova, Vera Muromtseva, Anna Tsakni and Varvara Pashchenko.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin: a short biography
- was born in Voronezh on October 22, 1870 in an impoverished landowner family;
- 1881 – was admitted to the first grade of the Yelets gymnasium;
- 1886 – dropped out of high school and studied at home for three years with the help of his brother Julius;
- 1889 – 1893 was in a relationship with Varvara Pashchenko;
- 1898 – 1900 was married to Anna Tsakni;
- 1906 – became close to Vera Muromtseva;
- 1920 – in winter he emigrated to France on a steamer overloaded with refugees, disagreeing with the October Revolution;
- 1933 – received a prize from the Nobel Committee for excellence in the field of literature;
- spent the years of the fascist occupation in a villa in Grasse. The villa became a refuge for friends, some of whom were Jews;
- died on November 8, 1953. The grave is located in the Russian sector of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois in France.
Personal life of Bunin
Four women at different times owned the poet’s heart. The feelings that he had for each of them were reflected in his works.
He met twenty-year-old Varvara Pashchenko at the editorial office of Oryol Vestnik. The girl worked as a proofreader, and the young poet worked as an editor’s assistant. Varya conquered him with her intelligence, beauty and adult seriousness. Although her parents did not approve of her choice, the girl began to live with Bunin.
The couple did not succeed in creating a happy family. Varvara dreamed of a well-to-do life, of a strong and confident husband. Ivan supported the then fashionable ideas of self-sacrifice and selflessness. In 1893 Varya left him, writing on a piece of paper: “Farewell, Vanya. Do not remember it dashingly. “
First wife
Anna Tsakni, the daughter of a wealthy Odessa publisher, was nicknamed by Ivan Bunin “sunstroke”. The Greek woman “burned” him with her beauty and spontaneity. They got married in 1898 and made their honeymoon in Europe. But this family ship also stayed afloat for less than two years.
Second wife
The poet lived with Vera Muromtseva for 46 years. They spotted each other at a literary party in 1906. Vera was fond of creativity, was a well-read girl, so Ivan easily attracted her attention.
They began a relationship, which they were officially able to formalize only after 18 years (in 1922). Muromtseva was madly in love with Bunin, called him Yan and, like a loving woman, forgave a lot.
In 1926, a rumor spread through the emigre community of France that a new love of a writer, a young writer and poetess Galina Kuznetsova, was living in the Bunins’ villa, together with Ivan and Vera.
The rumor turned out to be true: Galya lived under the same roof with the Bunins until 1933. Ivan Alekseevich suffered greatly when she left, having fallen in love with Marga, the sister of the philosopher Fyodor Stepun.
It is a known fact that Bunin asked the hand of Maria Chekhova, the sister of the writer A.P. Chekhov. But Maria Pavlovna refused him.
Works by Ivan Bunin
At the age of 15, Ivan wrote the novel Hobby, but was unable to publish it. At the same time, the young man took his first steps in poetry. In 1887, the Rodina magazine published two of his poems, the stories “Nefedka” and “Two Wanderers”.
Two years later, the debut collection of poems came out. In it, the poet admired the beauty of nature and philosophized. Bunin translated poems by Saadi, Alkey, Petrarch, Mickiewicz, Byron and Longfellow. By 1901, he published two more collections of his own poems and received the Pushkin Prize from the Russian Academy of Sciences.
After the events of 1905, Ivan Alekseevich wrote the stories “Sukhodol”, “Village” and a number of stories dedicated to ordinary Russian people. The most famous works:
- “Easy breath”;
- “Dark alleys”;
- “Mitya’s love”;
- “Cursed Days”;
- Arseniev’s Life;
- “The gentleman from San Francisco.”
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