The diet of children between 1 and 3 years of age often provides too little calcium, vitamin D and iron. Deficiencies range from 25-49%. Together with them, children often consume too little fibre, carbohydrates, vitamins and other minerals. However, in excess there are fats, proteins, simple sugars and sodium.
Research conducted in 2010 showed that only 45% of children in this age group develop properly, and most of them struggle with overweight, obesity, or their development is abnormal at this stage of life, which may result in mental and physical disorders. . Irregularities in a toddler’s diet most often occur as a result of premature introduction of meals adapted for adults.
Frequent vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D, which determines the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, is responsible for the mineralization of bones and teeth. Deficiencies result in bone deformities, growth disorders, as well as rickets. Due to the weather conditions in Poland, the body is unable to produce this vitamin all year round, because it is produced under the influence of UV rays. It is important to supplement it to the baby, as well as give foods that are rich in it, although determining properly composed meals requires a lot of knowledge.
The role of calcium in the child’s diet
The importance of calcium in the diet cannot be overestimated. This mineral keeps bones and teeth healthy, participates in blood clotting, is responsible for the efficient work of the heart, stimulates the tension and excitability of skeletal muscles. Children should take 800 to 1200 mg of calcium per day. The exact need is determined by age. Persistent deficiencies in the diet lead to osteoporosis, weaken bone mass, promote the occurrence of rashes, constipation, and pain-inducing muscle cramps. The toddler will absorb calcium with milk, cheese, yoghurts, green leafy vegetables or cabbage.
Iron and the blood, muscles and nervous system
The daily dose of iron in children between 1 and 3 years of age reaches 7 mg for each kilogram of weight. It should be ensured by implementing an appropriate diet so that children do not develop anemia, the nervous and immune systems function properly, and the blood and muscles are properly formed. It is advisable to prepare meals for the baby with red meat, liver and fish. Giving your child a mint infusion or fruits rich in vitamin C, we improve the absorption of iron. Deficiencies of this ingredient at this stage of development have a negative and irreversible impact on brain function, intelligence and cognitive abilities.