Contents
Among the late varieties of pears, gardeners appreciate species with a long shelf life of fruits. One of the attractive representatives with such a characteristic is the Belarusian late pear. The variety has already managed to win the trust of gardeners with its qualities. In cold regions, it is difficult to achieve high yields of large-fruited species, because winter pear varieties require more heat. “Late Belarusian” gives an excellent harvest in difficult climatic conditions. In addition, the variety has an important advantage for gardeners. The longer the fruits are stored, the better their taste becomes. We will dedicate the article not only to the description of the pear variety, but also post photos and reviews of summer residents about the “Belarusian Late”.
Characteristics of the winter variety
Gardeners are important all the information about the tree. After all, the harvest will not be obtained immediately after planting the seedling. Therefore, it is necessary to determine in advance all the advantages and disadvantages of the variety, so as not to make a mistake in the choice. Useful video:
According to the description of the variety, the Belarusian late pear has a high early maturity, so the first harvest can be obtained 3-4 years after planting the seedling. First of all, summer residents are interested in the parameters of the tree, so that even in a small area it is possible to create comfortable conditions for it.
The pear variety “Belarusian late” refers to medium height. The optimal distance that can be maintained when planting this type of tree is:
- from the fence or building to the pear – 3,5 meters;
- between rows of pears (if a garden is planted) – 5 meters;
- between adjacent trees – 4,5 meters.
Reducing the distance is not recommended. If you plant trees closer, each pear will be cramped. For this reason, the branches will interfere with each other, the plant will not have enough sunlight and the yield will noticeably decrease.
The next important characteristic is the harvest time. The agrotechnics of growing a pear variety, its care requirements depend on the ripening period. The removable ripeness of the fruits of the winter pear “Belarusian Late” occurs in the second half of September. At the same time, the variety has a high keeping quality. The taste and commercial qualities of the pear are preserved for 5-6 months, so until the beginning of March you can count on a delicious dessert.
The main parameters of the structure of the tree:
- the crown is spherical and dense, reaches 3-4 meters in volume;
- the skeleton is symmetrical with branching from the trunk at a right angle;
- the tips of the branches are directed upwards;
- shoots are not thick, medium in size, rounded in section;
- the height of an adult tree is from 3 to 5 meters;
- lentils, buds and leaves are small;
- the color of the leaves is light green, the venation is weak, the surface of the plates is smooth;
- petioles short without edging, medium thickness;
- large white flowers with oval-shaped petals.
It would be advisable to continue the description of the pear variety “Belarusian Late” with a list of fruit merits. After all, this is the main result of all the efforts of the gardener.
Mature fruits of the variety have an average weight of 110 g, an elongated shape and a very pleasant taste. The skin is slightly rough, covered with light brown ripples. Ripe fruits are yellow with a raspberry side, and at the time of removal they are colored green. The pulp is not too dense with an oily texture.
Fruits are saturated with useful microelements, vitamins and organic acids. Everyone who has ever tried the Belarusian Late pear claims that it is very sweet, juicy and fragrant.
Advantages and disadvantages
You can group these characteristics with the help of feedback from gardeners who have grown the Late Belarusian pear variety on the site.
Among the advantages of the winter variety are:
- pear yield, which is up to 16 kg per 1 sq. meters of landing area;
- non-simultaneous opening of flowers, which saves the crop during the period of return frosts;
- precocity for 3 years after planting;
- good winter hardiness and drought resistance;
- unpretentiousness of a pear to growing conditions;
- high taste and commercial qualities of fruits;
- ability to long-term storage;
- resistance to transportation and loading and unloading operations.
Disadvantages of pear varieties, which are most often distinguished by gardeners:
- instability to damage by bacterial burn and scab (especially in cold, damp summers);
- with an increase in the abundance of fruiting, the size of the fruit decreases;
- partial self-fertility, requiring the presence of pollinating varieties.
Landing by the rules
To obtain a stable harvest, in addition to the description of the Belarusian late variety, reviews and photos, the correct planting of the pear is important. To do everything correctly, you need to take into account several parameters:
- Time. Planting pear varieties “Belarusian late” is best appointed in the spring. As soon as the snow thaws, they stand for 4-5 days and start planting. The period during which pear seedlings can be safely planted is 2 weeks. In autumn, a variety is planted after the end of leaf fall and before the first frost.
- Place. Pear of any variety loves good lighting. The “Late Belarusian” is no exception. The sugar content of the fruit and the overall yield of the variety depend on the amount of light received. For one tree, it is necessary to allocate a space of 4 m x 4 m. This area will be enough for the full growth and development of the tree. When choosing a site on the site, it is important to avoid places with clay or sandy soil, where the pear variety does not bear fruit well. An ideal place would be a place with good black soil, without stagnant moisture, with a loose soil structure. The location of groundwater should be at least 2 m from the surface.
- Planting material. The choice of pear seedlings is a very responsible event. When buying, pay attention to all indicators that correspond to a quality seedling. Firstly, the lack of spikes on the stem. The presence of spikes signals that you are being offered a wild pear. Secondly, the state of the root system. Choose a seedling with moist, fibrous roots, without damage and withered areas. The following requirements for a pear are as follows – a lush crown, elastic branches, dense bark.
The success of planting pear varieties “Belarusian late” depends on the preparedness of the soil. It is necessary to prepare the soil in advance so that the nutrients have time to turn into a form that is easily digestible for the tree. Without nutrition, it will be difficult for a young seedling to grow and develop. Therefore, in the designated place for planting a pear seedling, they dig a hole 0,7 m deep. The selected soil is mixed with sand (2 buckets), compost (2 buckets), potassium (30 g) and phosphorus (20 g). All components are mixed and laid back in the pit.
The pear “Belarusian late” is planted in warm, dry weather.
First you need to prepare a seedling. Leaves are removed from it, the damaged parts are cut off and the tree is placed in water for 3 hours.
A recess is made in a pre-prepared pit. Its size depends on the condition of the roots. If the root system is open, then a recess is dug with a depth of 80 cm and a diameter of 1 m. If the seedling has a closed root system, then a recess corresponding to the size of an earthen coma is sufficient.
A stake is inserted into the center of the planting hole, which is needed to fix the seedling. Then the tree is placed.
The root neck is not deepened. It should rise above the soil level by 6-7 cm.
The roots are covered with earth, the soil is compacted and watered with 3-4 buckets of water.
The trunk circle is mulched after absorbing moisture.
Depending on the type of rootstock, a planting scheme is calculated for several trees. Seedlings on a vigorous rootstock need 25 square meters. m of food area, for medium-sized – 11 sq. m.
Care after landing
The pear is considered an unpretentious culture. Even the one who lays the garden for the first time will be able to cope with the main points of care.
Some activities are quite simple, but you will have to perform them regularly:
- Weeding the near-stem circle from weeds. In the first 2 years of a young pear’s life, nutrients from the soil should only be supplied to the roots of the tree. This will guarantee the rapid growth and development of the seedling. It will also help keep the tree from pests. Weeds are best removed by hand or mowed. Loosen the soil around the stem and mulch. Do not dig the soil with a shovel, so as not to damage the delicate roots of the pear.
- Watering. Pear varieties “Late Belarusian” need to be watered infrequently. An exception would be a dry and dry period, when you need to water twice a week. At the end of August, water-charging watering is necessarily carried out to prepare the tree for wintering.
- Pruning and shaping the tree. For the first time, they begin to prune the variety after planting. If the seedling is one-year-old, then its height is shortened to 70 cm. When planting a two-year-old tree, you need to cut the branches by 1/3 of the length. The variety is not prone to thickening, so you need to cut the central shoot to ¼ of its length. This will cause lateral branching and prevent the tree from growing too much upwards. Further pruning of the variety consists in the annual removal of branches growing inside the crown. Also cut out all broken, diseased and dried shoots. The main pruning of the variety is carried out in the spring before bud break. When cutting, use only well-sharpened and disinfected tools. How to properly cut a pear of the “Late Belarusian” variety, see this video:Pruning a young pear
- Feeding. 2 years after planting, urea or ammonium nitrate is added in the spring in a ratio of 20 g per 1 sq. m of pear nutrition area. In summer, 40 g of superphosphate is enough for the same area. In autumn, complex mineral compositions without a nitrogen component are used.
- Preventive treatments with fungicides to prevent scab damage to trees. During the growing season, you need to do at least 3 treatments.
- Preparation for winter. The trunk of the pear is tied with paper, and the near-stem circle is insulated with wood shavings. According to the description of the variety “Belarusian Late” and the reviews of gardeners, the pear needs shelter for the winter (see photo).
Harvesting and recycling
The most enjoyable moment for gardeners is harvesting. At the same time carry out the primary sorting of fruits. Damaged ones are set aside for processing, while whole and attractive ones are stored and sold. Harvest fruit in dry weather so that there is no dew or moisture on them.
The keeping quality of the variety is excellent, the harvested fruits are stored for up to six months. To keep the crop longer, you need good ventilation. Fruits are placed in wooden containers or containers. In the description of the Belarusian Late pear variety, it is recommended to store fruits in 1 or 2 layers wrapped in newspaper, as in the photo:
Fruit storage temperature ranges from +2°C to +8°C.
Reviews of gardeners
Reviews of those who grow pear “Belarusian late” show the full compliance of the variety with the description and photo.
