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Basic rights of the child in the Russian Federation: law, guarantees
By observing the basic rights of the child, the society provides him / her protection from infringement. Children are unable to stand up for their rights on their own. They need support and care. Unlike adults, they are the most vulnerable, so they need special protection.
The need to endow the child with special rights has always existed in the history of the state. The first document to meet this need was the Declaration on the Rights of the Child. Later, the UN developed the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The signatory states pledged to respect the rights of all children.
The fundamental rights of the child must not be violated
Within the Russian Federation, the protection of children’s needs is guaranteed by the state Federal Law. Thanks to him, the interests enshrined in the Constitution are realized. The state creates appropriate economic, social and legal conditions for this.
Implementation of the law in the Russian Federation
The Constitution enshrines a number of rights and freedoms that are granted to citizens under the age of 18. This category of people belongs to children. They have the right to:
- On the inviolability of life – no one has the right to take it away;
- For upbringing in a family – minor citizens must develop physically and spiritually, live with their parents;
- To communicate with parents – children should know the parents from whom they came. On this basis, legal relations arise that do not depend on various circumstances;
- To express their own opinion – at any age, children are a self-sufficient person, therefore their opinion is important when solving family issues;
- To protect the rights, interests – parents and the state are obliged to provide vital needs;
- In the name – each is assigned a first name, last name and patronymic;
- To change the name – with the consent of the parents and the approval of the guardianship and guardianship authorities;
- For property – parents are obliged to maintain a minor in the amount established by law.
The responsibility for the well-being of minors lies not only with the parents, but also with the state. Legislative measures regulate the rights of children and their parents and guardians. Parents bear equal responsibility for life, development and upbringing. Whether they are married is irrelevant.
At birth, the baby acquires civil rights. He receives citizenship, protection from discrimination, freedom and housing. You can open a bank account in his name. With age, the needs of the baby expand, so there are more opportunities. He acquires the right to go to nursery school, kindergarten, and then to school. After 6 years, he can become a member of small household transactions.
At 10 years old, a child can:
- Agree to adoption or restoration of parental rights;
- Make a choice with which parent to live after a divorce;
- Be heard in court.
At the age of 14, children can independently distribute their income. With parental consent, they participate in transactions and go to work. At 16, they are able to drive a moped and get married.
Children’s rights are protected by the state. Responsibility is provided for their violation.