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Bacterial cystitis – This is a disease of the bladder, accompanied by inflammation of its mucous membrane. The disease is caused by the entry of pathological bacteria into the organ and their active growth. This leads to the development of inflammation and the appearance of a characteristic complex of symptoms.
The bacterial form of the disease is the most common type of cystitis. The disease most often affects women of childbearing age, although men and children are not immune from the development of pathology.
Symptoms of bacterial cystitis
Common symptoms of the disease include:
Incessant urge to urinate. They can occur very often, sometimes up to 6 times in an hour.
In order to empty the bladder, a person will need a certain effort. Only a few drops can leave the channel.
During the act of urination, a person experiences burning and pain. She continues to torment him in between trips to the toilet, but her character changes. If during urination the pain is sharp, then the rest of the time it is pulling and aching. It hurts mainly the lower abdomen, suprapubic region, sometimes with irradiation to the sacrum and perineum.
With bacterial infection, an increase in body temperature can be observed, vomiting occurs. This is especially true with kidney damage.
In the urine, pus and blood can be detected, which indicates an acute form of the disease. In this case, seeking medical help should be immediate.
Causes of bacterial cystitis
This form of the disease develops due to the fact that a pathological bacterium enters the cavity of the bladder. While in a healthy person, the organ is sterile. Among the mycobacteria that contribute to the development of the disease, there are:
E. coli. It is always present in the human intestine without causing disease. This is due to the fact that its growth is inhibited by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. But when it enters the bladder, the cavity of which is sterile, E. coli begins to actively multiply. Against this background, inflammation occurs and the disease develops. A number of factors contribute to this: a drop in the immune forces of the body, hypothermia, regular neglect of the rules of personal hygiene.
Saprophytic staphylococcus aureus although it causes disease much less frequently, it is a more dangerous bacterium than E. coli. This is due to the fact that this type of staphylococcus has a high resistance to antibiotics. The bacterium can cause frequent relapses and causes serious complications. Getting on the intact mucous membrane, the bacterium does not lead to its inflammation. The disease starts only if the surface of the bladder or urethra is damaged. This often happens as a result of friction during intercourse. A dangerous “relative” of saprophytic staphylococcus aureus is Staphylococcus aureus. Especially dangerous is hospital cystitis, which develops when a person is in a hospital and his body is doubly weakened.
Proteus. They also live in the intestines and can cause disease only when they enter the cavity of the bladder, where there is no one to resist them. Proteas often cause pyelonephritis. In addition, their biochemical activity contributes to the formation of stones.
Klebsiella. They live in the intestines, on the skin and in human feces. Diseases are caused only in the presence of predisposing factors. Cystitis against the background of Klebsiella infection develops infrequently – in about 3,5% of cases.
Enterococcus. Normally, they are always present in the intestine. Enterococci can cause disease only after coming out of there. Become the cause of the development of cystitis rarely, no more than 4% of cases.
Treatment of bacterial cystitis
For the treatment of the disease, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary study of bacterial culture of urine. It will show which microorganism the patient is infected with, to which drug he is sensitive. Sometimes, to eliminate the bacteria, it may be necessary to take several drugs from different antibacterial groups.
For the treatment of the disease are used:
Amoxicillin;
Monural;
Ampicillin;
Levomecithin;
Nolicin;
Nevigramon;
Furagin;
Furadonin;
Sulfamidetoxin;
Urosulfan;
Nitroxoline, etc.
Most doctors prescribe Monural to patients, since it is he who has a broad bactericidal effect. After taking it, the patient experiences significant relief after a few hours. Therefore, it is often prescribed during the acute stage of the disease.
Drugs such as Nimesil, Diclofenac, Papaverine, No-shpa will help relieve pain and spasms. Sitz baths with warm water can alleviate the condition. It takes 15 minutes for the pain to subside. The drug course depends on the severity of the process, and most often lasts about 3 weeks.
Diet and prevention
Diet is important for a full and speedy recovery. It comes down to the use of plant and dairy foods. It is important to eliminate everything salty, spicy and fried from the menu. Such dishes contribute to irritation of the inflamed surface of the organ and complicate the healing process.
Alcohol is completely banned. An enhanced drinking regime is needed. Pure water, non-carbonated mineral water, berry fruit drinks are suitable for this. Intimacy during treatment is possible, but the use of a condom is required. Read more about the diet for cystitis – what you can eat and what not?
In the chronic form of the disease, it is advisable to carry out preventive treatment. Courses are held several times a year. The scheme is selected individually and may not contain antibacterial drugs.
With timely and adequate treatment, the prognosis for recovery is favorable. In order to prevent the transition of cystitis into a chronic form, it is necessary to seek qualified help when the first signs of the disease appear. It is self-medication with antibiotics that often leads to the development of bacterial resistance. This can lead to serious complications in the future.