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Azathioprine is a highly immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drug that is broken down in the kidneys and liver. It was used for the first time in British transplantology. How does Azathioprine work? We check when it should be used.
Azathioprine – when should it be used?
Azathioprine is most often used in transplantology to avoid transplant rejection. In addition, it is used in the treatment of diseases such as:
- chronic hepatitis;
- nodular periarteritis;
- lupus erythematosus;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- lupus erythematosus;
- nephrotic syndrome;
- multiple sclerosis;
- glomerulonephritis;
- Crohn’s disease;
- polymyositis;
- dermatomyositis;
- autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Azathioprine – dosage
Azathioprine is most commonly administered orally. However, it is also possible to introduce the drug intravenously. The dose and frequency of taking Azathioprine is determined by the doctor. The drug should be taken after a meal. Azathioprine should be kept out of the reach of children in a tightly closed container.
Azathioprine – contraindications
The main contraindication to taking Azathioprine is hypersensitivity to any of the active substances (azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine) or the excipient of the drug. You must not take the drug during pregnancy and breastfeeding. In addition, the most effective methods of contraception (both partners) should be used when taking Azathioprine. Contraindications to taking Azathioprine are also other medications taken by the patient, which contain allopurinol, thiopurinol, warfarin, mesalazine, sulfosalazine, co-trimoxazole and penicillamine. Before giving Azathioprine, tell your doctor about any medications you are taking, even those over the counter.
Azathioprine – drug interactions
You must not drink alcohol while taking Azathioprine, as serious liver damage (known as hepatoxic effects) may occur. In turn, by combining azathioprine with other immunosuppressants, the functions of the immune system can be suppressed. This includes compounds such as glucocorticoids, cyclosporine and infliximab. Furosemide, an ingredient in diuretics, may also interfere with the effect of azathioprine.
Azathioprine – side effects
The most common side effects of azathioprine are:
- bone marrow depression;
- leukopenia;
- anemia;
- thrombocytopenia;
- inflammation of the pancreas;
- hair loss (possible total hair loss);
- bad mood;
- dizziness;
- itching of the skin;
- anorexia;
- diarrhea;
- Heart arythmia;
- pain in muscles and joints;
- viral, bacterial and fungal infection.
Azatiopryna – cena
Azathioprine is available in Poland under the name Azatiophryne and imuran. It usually appears as yellow or orange tablets that are convex on both sides. Azathioprine cost it is about PLN 20, and after the refund – PLN 2-3. The medicine is available in packs containing 30 or 50 tablets of 50 mg each.