Contents
The Auliekol breed of cattle is characterized by accelerated growth and high precocity. It adapts well to a variety of climatic conditions. The high productive qualities of the breed were appreciated by many livestock breeders, so you can meet Auliekol cows in many farms.
The history of the creation of the Auliekol breed
The Auliekol cattle breed is relatively young. It was bred by breeders in 1992 in the Kostanay region of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a result of crossing three meat breeds. For selection, bulls-producers of the Aberdeen-Angus and Charolais breeds and the Kazakh white-headed cow were used. The main selection criteria for breeding individuals were their characteristics such as precocity, large body weight and ease of delivery.
For 30 years after the breeding of the Auliekol breed of cattle, breeders have been constantly working to improve its productive and breeding qualities. As a result, the beef of Auliekol cattle meets all international standards and is similar in composition to the meat of Angus cows. It has a marble pattern – fat is not located around the muscle tissue, but forms thin layers inside the muscle tissue. Kazakh breeders are proud of this achievement, because marbled meat is considered a high-quality product and is in demand on the international market.
Description of the Auliekol breed
A characteristic feature of the Auliekol cattle breed is the absence of horns, about 70% of the animals are polled. The color of cows and bulls is light gray. You can recognize the representatives of the Auliekol breed by the following characteristic features of the exterior:
- massive, muscular physique;
- strong skeleton;
- big head;
- short muscular neck;
- growth at the withers in cows – 1,3 m, in bulls – 1,4 m;
- chest width – 58,5 m;
- chest girth – 2,45 m;
- the skin has 5 layers;
- thick, short hair;
- folds of wool on the forehead of bulls;
- large weight (body weight of males 950-1200 kg, females – 550-700 kg).
Auliekol cows are highly productive, giving a large amount of milk. Despite the fact that this breed of cattle has a meat focus.
Indicators of milk productivity of the Auliekol breed of cattle:
Calving | Amount of milk (per day) |
1-th | to xnumx l |
2-th | to xnumx l |
3-th | to xnumx l |
The yield of meat products, as well as its quality, are at a fairly high level. The slaughter yield of meat from the carcass of an animal of the Auliekol breed is 60-63%. With proper care and observance of the feeding regimen, the daily weight gain of young animals is 1,1 kg. Auelikol cows calve on their own. The survival rate in calves is 100%.
Cattle of the Auliekol breed are distinguished by endurance and good immunity. Animals quickly and easily adapt to the local climate, practically without being exposed to changes in temperature and weather conditions. Before a cold snap, the onset of the autumn-winter period, the Auelikol cattle are covered with thick dense wool.
Due to their strong constitution, Aulie-rings can easily endure periods with a decrease in the amount of succulent feed or a deterioration in their quality.
Pros and cons of breeding breeds
Among the main advantages of cattle of the Auliekol breed, the following can be distinguished:
- Excellent acclimatization to climatic conditions.
- Undemanding to the forage base. Animals can eat hay from grasses that other breeds refuse to eat because of their coarseness. They also eat leaves and branches of shrubs.
- Well developed herd instinct. Grazing cows and bulls is easy enough. They do not disperse across the pasture, they graze in one place until they have eaten all the pasture.
- Very high growth energy.
- Strong immunity, thanks to which animals practically do not get sick.
- There are no problems with lambing. The female calves on her own, without any outside intervention or help.
- Early maturity. Young growth is rapidly gaining body weight.
- Unpretentiousness to the conditions of detention.
- The ability to overcome long distances, so the breed is indispensable for livestock farms with remote pastures.
- High yield from carcasses of high quality and tasty meat.
The disadvantages of Auliekol cattle can only be attributed to the fact that the breeding stock of this breed is very small.
Features of maintenance and care
Optimal conditions for auliekolka cows are free-range, when they are free-roaming on pasture or in open paddocks. Animals are kept on a bed of hay or straw, 40 cm high, which is sprinkled daily. It is completely changed 1 time in 30 days.
Most often, corrals are built for cattle of the Auliekol breed, fencing a specially designated area for this. Animals are kept in them until the onset of stable cold weather. As soon as the temperature outside drops below zero, the Auliekol cattle are transferred to the barn.
Auliekoltsy love free space, which should be taken into account when building a summer camp. The size of the suburbs is determined by the number of individuals based on:
- 1,25×2,15 m for 1 adult female;
- 1,25×1,45 per 1 bull;
- 1,0×1,25 per 1 calf.
The same parameters are followed in the construction of the barn. They build it without a special heating system, insulating only the walls and ceiling with foam. The optimal mode in the barn: the air temperature is not lower than + 15 ° C, the humidity is not higher than 70%. Also, the room should be ventilated, as Auelikol breed cattle love fresh air. Without fail, a place is allocated in the barn for arranging feeders and drinkers.
Often the barn is made seasonal, collapsible, hangar type. The floors are slatted and slanted for ease of cleaning. In a stationary barn, manure removal, feed distribution and water supply are carried out automatically, by specially installed equipment.
Cattle of the Auliekol breed are not afraid of rain and wind, but it is still recommended to build a canopy to protect them from heavy rain and winds. Cows and bulls feel comfortable even in the summer heat, as thick wool does not allow the body to overheat.
It is possible to graze a herd of Auliekol cattle on distant pastures. Animals can easily cover long distances, thanks to strong and hardy legs.
Care of young animals
The coat color of a newborn calf of the Auleikol breed is white. Weight varies between 30-35 kg. With proper care, calves grow quite quickly. It is recommended to place young animals in separate boxes. It is important to maintain a comfortable temperature in them. The temperature must not be lower than + 15 °C. The floor should be equipped with wooden boards, covering it daily with fresh straw or hay.
Diet and walks of young animals of the Auelikol breed (from birth to 2 months of age)
Calf age | Products | Feeding | Walking |
0-20 days | milk | 6 times a day, 150 g |
|
21-29 days | milk | 4 l |
|
30-59 days | milk reverse oatmeal | 4 l 2 l
100 g | 10-15 minutes (in paddock) |
2 month | milk reverse oatmeal vegetables | 3 l (per 1 dose) 6 l 500 g
200 g | 30 minutes |
The number of vegetables is gradually increased by 200 g every 10 days. Useful are beets, carrots, potatoes. Supplement the diet with hay, about 500 g per 1 head, adding 10 g of chalk and salt to it.
From the age of 3 months, calves of the Auelikol breed must walk for at least 2 hours. Whole milk is completely removed from the daily menu, replacing it with reverse milk (about 5 liters). Also stop giving jelly. The basis of the diet is vegetables, which the calf should receive at least 1 kg. From the beginning of the month, dry food is introduced. The initial rate is 700 g. By the end of the month, it is increased to 900 g. Also, young animals are taught to eat silage, starting from 500 g. they season food with 10 g of salt and 15 g of chalk.
The walking time of a 4 month old calf is 4 hours, during which he must actively move. The amount of skimmed water decreases to 1 liter, while the volume of other feeds, on the contrary, increases. The diet of young animals at this age looks like this:
- hay – 1,6 kg;
- silage – 1,5 kg;
- dry food – 1 kg;
- salt – 15 g;
- Chalk – 20 g.
Walking contributes to the even distribution of body fat, preventing obesity.
At 5 months, the basis of the diet should be vegetable mixtures. On average, 1 animal should receive about 3,5 kg of various vegetables per day. The same amount of hay is given to the calf. The volume of other products remains the same. Walking is carried out on open pastures, at least 5 hours.
At 6 months, calves of the Auliekol breed are fed with such products:
- vegetables – 5 kg;
- silage – 5 kg;
- hay – 3 kg;
- dry food – 0,6 kg;
- salt – 20 g;
- Chalk – 25 g.
An important condition is the observance of the drinking regimen. A calf should drink about 30 liters of water per day. Young animals that have reached six months of age are transferred to the main herd.
Conclusion
The unique Auliekol breed of cattle deserves special attention of livestock breeders. It has high productive rates, is not whimsical to the conditions of keeping and nutrition, therefore it is recommended even to farmers-breeders who do not have experience in cattle breeding.
