Contents
Fence – a fence that gives the owner of a suburban area a sense of security, does not allow outsiders to enter the yard and see what is happening on it. The mistake of many summer residents and residents of villages is that they do not observe the permitted distance from the house to the fence, and this is a violation of building codes. How to comply with these standards when building a fence?
Why does the site need a fence?
The legislation of the Russian Federation allows the owners of suburban areas to manufacture building envelopes of any configuration. You can find transparent and opaque, wooden, stone, steel and other fences. Regardless of the materials, all fences have common tasks:
- Decorating the land, if the fence has an aesthetic appearance.
- Disguising the yard and the activities taking place on it from prying eyes.
- Prevention of possible encroachments on property by neighbors.
- Protecting the site from dust and noise from the road, from strong winds and from debris.
- Reference point for observing the distances specified in building codes and regulations.
Due to the numerous advantages, fences are found in almost all suburban areas in Russia, regardless of the region. Only the appearance, dimensions and selected material change.
Why you need to follow the rules
Maintaining the minimum allowable distance from the fence to the buildings is required primarily for reasons of fire safety. Imagine the situation – the building was built close to the fence, behind which the neighbor’s house is also close. In the event of a fire, the fire will easily spread from one house to another: in this way, a whole village can completely burn out along the chain.
The second reason to responsibly comply with the norms of the distance from the house to the fence is the risk of litigation with neighbors. For example, they may not like the shadow of your building falling on their property, or an agricultural building blocking their view. There are many reasons to sue in court based on non-compliance with regulated building codes.
Codes of rules have been created to regulate the erection of buildings and help to avoid litigation. There are several of them, this is the construction:
- within the city limits SP 30-102-99;
- summer cottages SNiP 30-02-97, current version of SP 53.13330.2011;
- federal law 123-FZ on fire protection indents.
You need to know that construction is prohibited on ONT sites, except for greenhouses and small utility blocks. The total area of buildings should not exceed 30% of the area of the garden plot (SNT).
Distance to different buildings
So, there are no more questions regarding the importance of observing the recommended intervals between the fence and various buildings. Now it is important to find out what gaps must be maintained between the fence and residential or commercial buildings so as not to violate the laws of the Russian Federation.
Interval to home
According to SNiP 30-02-97 (Building Norms and Rules), the distance from the fence to the house must be at least 3 meters, provided that the fence is on the border of the site. It is important to take into account the fact that on a residential facility, the reference point is the protruding part closest to the fence if it protrudes more than 50 cm relative to the wall. Otherwise, the countdown is from the wall itself.
Often the owners of households ignore or do not know about the rule by which the distance between the fence and the object of individual residential construction (IZHS) is calculated. Judicial practice knows cases when courts were lost even because of a few centimeters, if the distance was measured from a wall or foundation, and there is a plinth protruding half a meter.
Interval to outbuildings
More stringent SNiP requirements apply to the distance between the fence of the site and agricultural buildings intended for keeping domestic animals and birds. The minimum distance is 4 meters. These norms are dictated not only by SNiP, but also by sanitary and epidemiological rules and norms (SanPiN). This is caused by the following factors:
- Risk of infection and contamination of neighboring soil with animal and bird waste.
- Often unaesthetic appearance of agricultural buildings.
- An unpleasant smell, which often comes from farm buildings with animals.
A distance of 4 meters between the outbuildings and the fence must be maintained regardless of the site. You will have to comply with the norms, even if the house is built in a gardening partnership.
Distance to toilet
There is also a separate regulation in case it is planned to build a latrine or cesspool on the site. When choosing a place for arranging such objects, it is necessary to retreat at least 12 meters from residential buildings, which are located both on the construction site and on neighboring sites adjacent to it. The minimum distance to the fence is 1 meter.
When installing cesspools, septic tanks and outdoor toilets, it is also important to maintain a distance of at least 8 meters from groundwater sources. This applies to wells and wells. Failure to comply with these standards is highly likely to lead to water contamination. For similar reasons, there should be at least 12 m between yard toilets and cellars.
Interval to other buildings
In addition to agricultural buildings on a suburban area, there may be buildings such as a bathhouse, sauna, garage or other functional buildings. SP 53.13330.2011 prescribes maintaining a distance between functional buildings and a fence of at least 1 meter. However, there are some conventions:
- If there is 1 meter between the object and the fence, the roof slope should be directed to the yard.
- The garage attached to the house should be at a distance of 3 m from the fence.
When choosing a site for the construction of showers, summer kitchens and other functional buildings, it is important to consider that the distance between them and residential buildings on the site should be 3 meters or more. The same applies to outbuildings for keeping animals and poultry.
When building baths and other fire hazardous buildings, it is important to take into account some of the nuances. According to the norms, the distance between such buildings to the fence should exceed 3 meters, and to the building on the neighboring site – 8 meters. If the building is made of materials belonging to flammability class 1 or 2, the minimum distance to the neighboring house is reduced to 6 m.
Interval to greenhouse
The construction of greenhouses is popular with many summer residents, so the question of how far from the fence you can install a greenhouse or greenhouse is very relevant. According to SP 42.13330.2011, a distance of at least 1 meter must be maintained from the fence at the border of neighboring plots to the greenhouse. The minimum distance to residential buildings (own and neighboring) is 3 meters.
Distance to green spaces
Since not only buildings, but also green spaces can be located on a land plot, there is a regulation for this case. Leaving a gap between the fence of the site and flower beds is not as important as between trees and bushes. Here, too, it is necessary to comply with the rules in order to avoid penalties and claims from neighbors with possible litigation.
Distance to trees
Tall trees growing close to the border of two land plots are another point of contention between neighbors. To avoid litigation with residents of neighboring houses on this soil, observe the recommended distance of 2 meters between medium-sized trees and the fence, and 4 meters if the trees are tall. The distance is calculated from the center of the trunk.
How to understand which trees grow on the site – medium or tall? This is not spelled out in the laws, however, there is an unspoken rule – tall trees more than three meters high. There are no restrictions and additions depending on the type of tree – apple trees, cherry plums, birches, tall pines, as well as wild or exotic trees can grow at the allowed distance.
Distance to bushes
The minimum gap between shrub plantings and a fence at the border of the site is 1 meter. The distance regarding flower beds and flower beds is not mentioned at all in building rules and regulations. This means that you can plant flowers even close to the fence – this is legal. As in the case of trees, there are no restrictions on the types of shrubs – the main thing is to keep your distance.
Distance to the red line
The red line is the actual border between the land plots. It is this border that has great legal weight, as it is documented in official documents of cadastral registration. Residential buildings and functional buildings on the site should be at least 5 meters from the red line of the street, at least 3 meters from the red line of the road.
The fence is usually installed along the border of the site along the red line. If there is a wicket or gate in the fence, then they should open into the yard so as not to block the red line. For the same reason, it is not allowed to build garages on the same line with a fence that is close to the red line. Failure to comply with the interval may result in demolition.
Railing Options
Building rules and regulations require owners of individual garden plots to make lattice or mesh fences with a maximum height of 1,5 meters. This applies to fences installed at the borders of neighboring areas. By agreement with other residents of the dacha association, it is possible to build deaf fences from the side of the street.
Do I need to follow the rules
The norms of the joint venture, SNiP and SanPiN were not invented just like that, but to be observed. For neglecting the instructions, administrative liability is provided, which is regulated by Art. 9.4 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. For the first time, the violator will receive a verbal warning. If not eliminated, then a fine in the amount of 1 to 2 thousand rubles will be issued.
More serious sanctions will follow if it is proved that the disregard for the norms has harmed nature or neighbors. For the first time, the violator will face a doubled fine, that is, from 2 to 4 thousand rubles. Repeated violation is punishable by an even greater fine up to 5 thousand rubles. Litigation is not uncommon regarding non-observance of the distance to the fence.
It is noteworthy that the establishment of the fact of non-observance of the minimum distance between the house, building or tree and the fence is not a reason to force the violator to solve the problem. Demolition, relocation of buildings or removal of green spaces can only be achieved through the courts. However, the best option is to keep a distance from the house to the fence and avoid conflicts.