Contents
There are not many varieties of apricots that can be grown even in Siberia and the Urals. It is to these varieties that the Snegirek apricot is attributed.
History of breeding
This variety is not included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of Our Country. Therefore, the breeder who bred it is unknown.
Description of the culture
A characteristic of the Snegirek apricot variety is the height of trees up to 1,2-1,5 m. Trees are very resistant to frost, so they can be planted in the Moscow region, in northern Our Country (only trees are covered for the winter), in the Leningrad region. The tree has a lifespan of over 30 years.
Description of apricot Snegirek – a creamy fruit with a burgundy blush. He is very resilient. Apricot weight Snegirek – 15-18 g. The pulp is very juicy, sweet. The presence of sugar 9%. Sometimes the fruit may be slightly bitter near the skin. The bone is flat, it separates perfectly.
Photo of apricot variety Snegirek
Features
This variety has the greatest frost resistance compared to other varieties of apricots. Therefore, it can be planted even in the North of Our Country.
Drought resistance, winter resistance
Frost resistance of apricot Snegirek – the tree can withstand frosts down to -42 degrees, as it has a thick bark. The tree is not drought tolerant and needs to be watered.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening period
The self-fertile apricot Snegirek blooms late, because of this, even if it falls under return spring frosts, apricots will still be tied. This is a medium late variety. Apricots Snegirek ripen by mid-August.
yield, fruiting
It begins to bloom 5 years after planting the seedling. Apricots Snegirek appear every year, there are no breaks between fruiting.
Although the tree does not exceed 150 cm, the yield of Snegirek apricot is very high, 1-7 kg of apricots can be harvested from 15 tree.
Scope of fruits
Snegirek apricots can be consumed fresh, made compotes, canned. From apricots they cook jams, jams, make wine, tincture.
Disease and pest resistance
The variety has no resistance to moniliosis, leaf spot.
Insects can attack the culture – hawthorn butterflies, weevils, yellow plum sawflies, sapwood, geese, mites, ringed silkworms, leafworms, codling moths. Plants are also affected by aphids, fruit striped moths.
Advantages and disadvantages
Grade Advantages:
- trees grow in any soil;
- have a good yield;
- calmly tolerate frosts;
- Snegirek apricots can be stored until January;
- transportable.
Disadvantages of the variety:
- the variety can get sick with moniliosis and leaf spot;
- apricots Snegirek small size.
Features of landing
The groundwater level should be no higher than 2,5-3 m. It is better to dig a hole a few weeks before planting so that the soil has time to settle.
Recommended dates
It is advised to plant a tree on the site at the end of April. This must be done before the time the buds begin to awaken, that is, before the start of the vegetative period, so that the plant does not have excessive stress.
Choosing the right place
Growing apricot Snegirek begins with the selection of a site, it must be well lit and protected from the north wind. Trees prefer earth with neutral acidity. In autumn they dig up the earth, fertilizers are applied depending on the type of land. If the soil on the site is black earth, then a bucket of humus, 1 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate are scattered on 30 m².
If the soil is sandy or sandy, then peat is added to the above fertilizers. But to the clay, in addition to fertilizers, sand and sawdust are poured.
If the earth is sod-podzolic, then first 1 g of dolomite flour or fluff lime is scattered on it per 450 m², and after 2 weeks organic matter is added – humus or rotted manure, mineral fertilizers – phosphorus, potassium.
The soil must have excellent drainage, as the rhizome needs a good supply of oxygen and nutrients. In the spring, you first need to dig a landing hole. And on its bottom pour fine gravel, expanded clay, broken brick, gravel. You should also mix the excavated earth with wood ash, ammonium nitrate, and place it at the bottom of the pit. And then pour a layer of soil without fertilizer.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to an apricot
In the neighborhood of an apricot, you can plant flowers that bloom very early. For example, primrose, tulips, daffodils.
It is better not to plant the rest of the crops next to the apricot, as the tree greatly depletes the earth.
Selection and preparation of planting material
When buying, you should pay attention to the fact that the seedling is healthy and strong, its roots should not be damaged. It is better to purchase trees in specialized stores. An annual tree is the easiest to take root. If damage is visible on the roots, then they are cut off with a sharpened knife. Before planting, you can put the roots in water for 2-3 days. Then they are dipped in a mash of liquid manure and black soil.
Landing algorithm
Pits are dug, keeping a distance of 2 m between them. The landing pit should have a diameter of 50 cm, a depth of 80 cm. Fertile soil is poured into the pit with a cone. They drive in a stake. Fill the hole 1/2 full with water. Planting a seedling. Straighten the roots. Sprinkle with earth. The height of the graft should rise 3 cm from the surface. After 5 days, the tree is tied to a stake.
Culture aftercare
Tree formation
In the second year, 5-6 strong shoots are left, the rest are cut off. The remaining skeletal branches are cut so that they are 2 times shorter.
Additional fertilizing
In the second year of growth in spring, the tree is watered with solutions of nitrophoska or ammonium nitrate, a solution of mullein. Feed 1 time in 14 days until summer. In June and July, solutions are made with superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
Watering
The tree calmly tolerates elevated air temperatures, but subject to sufficient soil moisture. After planting, a small shaft of earth is poured around the tree. Water a young tree once every 1-10 days. But you can not water if it rains all the time.
An adult apricot is watered at the beginning of flowering, then with active growth of shoots in May, and a third time half a month before the apricots ripen. Then in the fall, water-charging irrigation is carried out.
Preparation for winter
If the trees grow in the north, then the first 2-3 years they are covered for the winter. First you need to cut dry leaves and broken, diseased shoots. Branches should be leaned against the trunk and tied with a rope. Next, a canvas bag is put on top of the tree. Humus and straw are placed in the region of the near-stem circle. Remove the bag in early spring.
Photo of an adult apricot tree Snegirek
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases of apricot
Name of the disease | Symptoms | Prevention | Control measures |
Monilial burn (this is the spring form of moniliosis) | Flowers begin to rot, they turn brown. Also, with a strong spread, the wood becomes brownish, and then dies off. The foliage turns brown and stiff, but it remains hanging. Cracks are visible on thick branches, gum is released from them. | In the spring, if it often rains, then spray with Xopyc 75WY. At the end of autumn, the trunks are whitened. In autumn, after harvesting the fruits and in winter, the trees are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture. Collect and burn fallen leaves. | Sick branches, cut flowers. Spray the tree with Bordeaux liquid (3%) or copper oxychloride (0,9%). |
Fruit rot (this is the summer form of moniliosis) | A small brownish spot is visible on the apricot, then it increases and spreads to the entire fruit. | After harvesting, the fruits are sprayed with copper chloride. | |
Brown leaf spot | At first, small yellowish spots are visible on the foliage, gradually they grow. The leaves dry up and fall off. | Remove diseased leaves. Spray the soil near the tree with copper sulfate (1%) or Nitrafen. | |
Perforated leaf spot | Small light brown spots are visible on the foliage. Then these places dry up and fall out, holes appear on the leaves. Growths appear on the trunk, gum flows out of them. | Treated early in the spring or after harvesting the fruits with a solution of copper sulfate (1%) or other compounds that contain copper. | |
leaf curl | Reddish, yellowish, orangish bubbles appear on the foliage. | From early spring until flowering, the tree is sprayed every 15 days with Bordeaux liquid. | Also treated with Bordeaux liquid. |
destroyed | Scab starts from a fungus. After fruit set, dark green round spots appear on the foliage, then they change color to grayish brown. When severely spread, the tree sheds dried leaves. Shoots also get sick, dry and fall off. Brownish or grayish spots are visible on apricots. |
| Cut off affected leaves and shoots. |
Verticillosis | The disease appears in June, the foliage turns yellow, fades and falls off. To accurately determine the disease, cut the branch and cut it. On the wood, you can see light brown or dark brown spots that have an irregular shape. | You can not plant trees in the area where potatoes, tomatoes, strawberries grew before. | |
Cytosporosis | The tops of the shoots turn brown, spots are visible on the bark, the foliage fades. As a result, the main branches and the entire tree may die. | Smear garden var on all wounds. | |
Fuzarioz | Initially, brownish-gray spots form on the foliage, they are somewhat depressed. After the spots appear on apricots. The disease appears from an infection that is in the ground. | Fallen leaves are collected and burned in autumn. |
Apricot pests
| Name of the pest | How to detect | Prevention | Control measures |
| hawthorn butterflies | Its caterpillars eat foliage, they can be found by holes in the leaves. | In autumn, it is required to collect fallen leaves, cut off broken, diseased branches, constantly pull out weeds, and burn it all. Whiten trunks in spring and autumn. | Trees are sprayed with insecticides Chlorophos, Phosphamide. |
| Dolgonosiki | On the tree you can find small bright green or blue bugs. | Apricot is sprayed with Inta-Vir. | |
| yellow plum sawfly | The insects themselves are yellowish-brown, and their caterpillars also cause great harm to apricots. | ||
| Zabolonniki | These are small (4 mm) dark brown bugs that damage the bark and branches. | Trees are sprayed with Chlorophos or Metaphos. | |
| The barracks | This is a small bug with a dark trunk. The female lays her eggs in apricots. | Before the buds open, you can spray with Karbofos, Metaphos, Aktellik. | |
| pliers | They can be detected by the fact that the foliage becomes silvery. | Before bud break, the tree can be sprayed with Nitrafen. When buds appear, spray with colloidal sulfur. | |
| ringed silkworm | Their caterpillars are able to gnaw all the foliage. | ||
| Leaflet | This little moth eats leaves. | After harvesting the fruit, the tree is sprayed with Chlorophos solution. | |
| Plodojorka | Also a small butterfly (1,5-2 cm). The female lays eggs in the ovary in June. | After harvesting, apricots are sprayed with Chlorophos solution (2%). Before harvesting, pour 1 kg of table salt into a bucket of water and spray the plantings. | |
| aphid | These are tiny black insects that can be seen on the underside of the foliage. | Before fruiting, you can spray the crop with Fitoverm. | |
| fruit striped moth | Its caterpillars gnaw on buds and shoots. | Before bud break, the plant is sprayed with Chlorophos. |
- butterfly hawthorn
- Weevil
- yellow plum sawfly
- A woodcutter
- Mite
Conclusion
Apricot Snegirek can be planted even in the north, as the tree can withstand temperatures as low as 42 degrees. In early spring, the culture is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid, and after harvesting apricots, they are treated with copper oxychloride, since the variety is resistant to leaf spot and moniliosis.
Here on the video you can see how to grow apricot trees in Siberia:
