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Description of the apricot variety Gorniy Abakan (Gorniy Abakan) informs gardeners that this variety of crop can be grown in cold winter conditions. Many summer residents dream of having delicious fruits of apricot trees on their plots, but not all of them can grow and develop well in the northern regions. If the winter in the region is frosty, with the presence of adverse factors, then “Mountain Abakan” is exactly the variety that can withstand this.
Abakan apricot tolerates adverse weather conditions well
History of breeding
A variety of apricot “Mountain Abakan” was bred in 1979 by I. L. Baikalov. The variety was obtained from a mixture of seeds of the 2002nd generation of Khabarovsk selected forms in the backyard garden of the Khakass Republic. It is recommended for cultivation in the East Siberian region, Krasnoyarsk and Khabarovsk territories, Khakassia. Since XNUMX, Gorny Abakan has been included in the State Register.
Description of the apricot variety Abakansky
Apricot tree “Abakan” has a medium size (up to 3 m in height) and an unthickened, spreading crown. The leaves are medium-sized, dark green in color, with a red central vein. It blooms in the second half of May with large, white, with a touch of pink, buds. The self-fertility of the variety is low, as a pollinator, Kantegirskiy (Kantegirskiy), East Siberian (Oriens-Siberian) and Sibiryak Baykalova (Sibiryak Baykalova) are most suitable for it. The tree does not stay in winter dormancy for long. If the thaws are long, then the buds of “Mountain Abakan” may freeze slightly.
The fruits of the tree are flattened (compressed on the sides), yellow-green in color. The seam is noticeable. On young trees, apricots are large, weighing up to 40 g, over the years they become smaller – up to 30 g. The pulp is pleasant to the taste, dense, with a subtle sourness, orange in color, medium juiciness. Each fruit contains up to 15% dry matter, 9% sugars, 0,55% pectin.
The tasting score of Abakan high apricots is 4,6 points
Features
Judging by the photo of the Gorny Abakan variety apricot, it has good characteristics. The images show that the fruits of the tree are even, large and beautiful. In addition, they have a pleasant taste and are versatile in use. According to numerous reviews of summer residents, it is known that the tree has a good yield, is resistant to drought and frost.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The culture has an average drought tolerance. If there is not enough rainfall for the apricot to successfully form new roots, it is advisable to water it additionally. In the spring, for the growth of shoots, the tree needs regular moisture.
Thanks to the laborious work of breeders, the Abakan variety received high resistance to frost. Despite the harsh winter, the tree gives a good harvest every year. Able to survive at temperatures down to -38 ° C.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening period
For normal fruiting, the Abakan apricot needs a pollinator. Best suited for this role is “Siberian Baikalova” or “Kantegirsky”. Buds on the tree begin to appear by the end of spring, in May. The fruits are formed in June. 1,5-2 months after their appearance, it is time to harvest.
yield, fruiting
From one tree of the Mountain Abakan apricot, on average, 15-18 kg of crop can be harvested, sometimes this figure increases to 40 kg. When planted on a hill, in winter conditions with little rainfall, the crop bears fruit abundantly every year. Harvest time is mid-August. The variety bears fruit 3-4 years after planting.
Apricot “Mountain Abakan” refers to varieties of medium ripening
Scope of fruits
Apricots harvested from the Abakan hybrid are most often used for fresh consumption and canning. Compotes, jams and preserves are made from it. Some housewives add fruits to pastries, less often they dry them.
Disease and pest resistance
Many sources claim that “Mountain Abakan” has good resistance to diseases and harmful insects, but the variety has a chance of catching the disease. In wet years, a tree can easily become ill with moniliosis, clasterosporiasis or cytosporosis, and there are also cases of infection with spotting and cancer.
With poor-quality care, aphids and weevil can attack the tree.
Advantages and disadvantages
Among the clearly expressed advantages of culture are:
- good taste;
- winter hardiness;
- large fruits;
- versatility of use.
Disadvantages include, in particular, instability to aging and a decrease in the size of the fruit over the years.
Features of landing
There are no special rules for landing “Mountain Abakan”. The principle of operation is the same as that of other apricot crops.
Recommended dates
It is advisable to plant the Abakan apricot in late spring, in May, in warm soil. When planting in autumn, there is a possibility of death of the seedling. But if a decision is made to plant a tree before winter, then this must be done no later than 14 days before the arrival of frost in the region.
Choosing the right place
In order for the fruits of “Mountain Abakan” to grow good, it is worth carefully choosing a site for planting a seedling. The place should be sunny and quiet, windless. If the ground is rough and does not allow air to pass through, the crop will grow poorly. It is desirable that the soil has a slightly alkaline reaction and is light. It is best if the landing site is located on the slope of a mountain or a hill, on the south side, the groundwater was not higher than 250 cm.
Trees do not tolerate drafts and strong winds
What crops can and cannot be planted next to an apricot
There is an opinion among experienced gardeners that it is undesirable to plant trees other than pollinators next to apricots, including Mountain Abakan. This culture has very large roots, depletes the earth, releases toxic substances into it. It is not forbidden to plant early flowers near the apricot – daffodils, primroses, tulips.
Selection and preparation of planting material
Before preparing for planting an apricot, the gardener needs to choose the right planting material. Buying a quality seedling is a guarantee of half the success. It is important to take young trees only in nurseries. You need to pay attention to their roots, which should not be dry or frozen. A good seedling of “Mountain Abakan” has no defects and thorns on the trunk, with smooth branches. It is better to buy a tree that is at least 12 months old.
Landing algorithm
Landing “Mountain Abakan” is carried out as follows:
- 20 days before planting, the soil is deoxidized with chalk or dolomite flour.
- 3 days before planting, dig holes with a diameter of 0,7 m.
- As a planting mixture, the top fertile layer of excavated earth, compost and river sand are used.
- Fill the pit with the mixture, add ½ bucket of ash, potassium sulfide and superphosphate to it.
- After planting the tree, watering is done.
Culture aftercare
Any plant, and especially a capricious apricot, requires attention and proper care:
- In spring and autumn, the tree trunk must be whitened with the addition of copper sulfate.
- Water young seedlings 2 times a month, two-year-old trees and older – as the soil dries.
- It is imperative to add top dressing to the water for irrigation: potash and phosphorus during flowering, nitrogen – in summer, potassium-phosphate – in autumn.
- Loosen the soil once a month.
- Before wintering, mulch the root circle with sawdust, straw, dry leaves.
- Trim in a timely manner.
With good care, the tree lives up to 30 years
Diseases and pests
“Mountain Abakan” can be infected with diseases such as:
- spotting;
- verticile wilt;
- cancer.
Among the pests that most often attack the variety, there are:
- aphid;
- stalk;
- sawfly;
- long-tailed.
Conclusion
The description of the Gorny Abakan apricot variety confirms that this type of crop is adapted to growing conditions in regions with cold winters, but with a moderate amount of snow. The fruits of the culture have excellent taste, bring great benefits to the body, saturate it with vitamins. Growing “Abakan” requires some effort, but with the right approach to business, a good result will not have to wait long.
Reviews about apricot varieties Gorny Abakan
