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The Solntsedar apple tree is a variety of selection, bred specifically for the climatic conditions of the Urals and the Volga-Vyatka region. Differs in good winter hardiness and productivity. Mature trees bring about 100 kg of delicious and beautiful apples. The fruits are used fresh and for preservation.
The story of
Solntsedar is an apple variety obtained on the basis of the Sverdlovsk horticultural station. The seeds of the variety Anis scarlet Vorobyevsky were taken as a basis. The grown seedlings were pollinated with different varieties, as a result of which it was possible to obtain a new culture. The author is Dibrova P.A.
The apple tree variety Solntsedar did not pass state tests, therefore it is not included in the register of breeding achievements. However, he is known to many summer residents. The apple tree is valued for its very high winter hardiness, thanks to which it can be grown even in the climatic conditions of the Urals.
Description of the Solntsedar apple tree with a photo
In the description of the variety, attention should be paid to the characteristics of the tree, shoots and fruits. The main parameters are presented below.
tree appearance
The Solntsedar apple tree is a medium-sized tree. The crown is dense, rather thickened. With age, it droops, which is especially noticeable in old trees. Skeletal branches covered with brown bark, from the central trunk they diverge at wide angles. Young shoots are thin, perennial annelids are short. That is where they bear fruit.
The shoots are not too thick, the cross section is round. The internodes are short, the color is dark brown, noticeably strong pubescence. The leaves of the Solntsedar apple tree are small, thick enough, and slightly glisten in the sun. The color is rich green with a bluish tint. The plates are flat, the shape is elongated-oval or elongated-ovoid. Their bases are rounded, the tops are narrowed, have well-marked tips.
From below, the foliage of the Solntsedar apple tree is pubescent, located almost at right angles to the shoots. The edges are serrated, rounded serrated. Most of the leaves are whole, but there are also plates with lobes. Petioles are small, but thick, have many small subulate stipules.
The flowers of the Solntsedar apple tree are quite large, saucer-shaped. The color is white, maybe a little pinkish. The stigmas of the pistils are flush with the anthers or slightly lower. Pink buds.
Description of fruits
In the description of the Solntsedar variety (pictured), it is indicated that the apples have a regular round or wide oval truncated shape. They are symmetrical and may have slight blunt ribbing. The surface is smooth, dry, glistens in the sun, a wax coating of a bluish tint is noticeable. There are subcutaneous points, they are quite large, light shades.
Apples of medium size, regular shape
The color of the fruits of the Solntsedar apple tree is creamy, the integumentary is pinkish-scarlet, often blurry, it looks very elegant. The stalks are short, moderately thick. The depth and width of the funnel are small, rustiness is noticeable. Saucers are small, have pearls (tubercles), semi-open cups. The subcalyx tubes are saccular, the seminal chambers are small, closed, without an axial cavity.
Characteristic of the variety
Among the characteristics of the Solntsedar apple variety, the taste of the fruit, the index of winter hardiness, disease resistance and yield are of particular importance.
Palatability
The fruits are refreshing, pleasant on the palate with a balance of sour and sweet. Light tart tones are traced. The flesh is white, coarse-grained in structure, red streaks are noticeable. Contains water (84-87% mass fraction) and dry matter (13-16%). The composition contains such components:
- sugar (total) – 10,2-12,3%;
- acids – 0,86%;
- vitamin S – 11-23 mg per 100 g;
- catechins (substances with P-activity) – 170-270 mg per 100 g.
Terms of maturation
In terms of ripening, the Solntsedar apple tree belongs to summer varieties. The fruits appear in the first half of August, after a few days they fall off. The consumption period is 10 days. During that time, it is necessary to use them fresh or send them for processing, preparation of winter preparations.
Productivity
The yield of the Solntsedar apple tree is quite high – up to 100 kg from one adult tree. At the same time, old crops may produce apples irregularly. Therefore, the garden needs to be gradually updated. The apple tree lives up to 35 years, the period of maximum productivity is from 10 to 25 years.
Frost resistance of the apple tree Solntsedar
In terms of winter hardiness, the Solntsedar apple tree is one of the best. It tolerates even extreme winter frosts well. It can be grown even in the Urals.
Pollinators
Variety Solntsedar refers to self-fertile. Fruits are tied only after cross-pollination by insects. Therefore, when growing, seedlings of other varieties with similar flowering periods are necessarily planted. The best pollinators are:
- Wine;
- White filling;
- Suislepskoye.
White filling is one of the best pollinators for the Solntsedar variety
Growing regions
The culture is winter-hardy. The variety is intended for cultivation in the Volga-Vyatka region and the Urals: Chuvashia, Mari El, Perm Territory, Bashkiria, Nizhny Novgorod, Orenburg, Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Kurgan regions, Udmurtia.
Resistance to diseases
The Solntsedar apple variety is not resistant to fungal infections and pests. Summer residents note that foliage and fruits are often affected by scab. Therefore, in early spring it is necessary to carry out preventive treatments with fungicides. If necessary, drugs are used in the summer.
Advantages and disadvantages
The Solntsedar apple tree is valued for its exceptional fruit attractiveness, good taste, high yield and excellent winter hardiness. However, the variety also has disadvantages, which should also be paid attention to.
Very attractive fruits
Pros:
- good taste;
- high yield;
- excellent winter hardiness;
- early ripening;
- can be grown even in the Urals;
- undemanding to planting and care.
Cons:
- no immunity to scab;
- fruiting occurs periodically;
- The variety needs pollinators.
Planting an apple tree Solntsedar
To grow a healthy and productive Solntsedar apple tree, as in the description and in the photo, you need to plant the seedling correctly. The main period is considered to be spring – the beginning of April. It is better not to plan planting in autumn, because in regions with harsh winters, seedlings can be seriously damaged. If grown in the middle lane, the Black Earth region and in the south, autumn planting is preferable (first half of October).
The place should be dry (not a lowland, groundwater not higher than 2 m) and sunny, if possible protected from through wind from the north side of the garden. A few months before planting the Solntsedar apple seedling, the site is cleared, the soil is dug up. Make a bucket of compost or humus per square meter.
The sequence of actions when planting an apple tree Solntsedar is as follows:
- Mark several pits with a depth and diameter of 80-100 cm at intervals of at least 4 m.
- Insert a wooden peg.
- Fill in a layer of small stones.
- Place the seedling of the Solntsedar apple tree in the center and sprinkle with fertile soil.
- Tamp the ground so that the root neck is 5-7 cm above the surface.
- Pour settled water.
Care instructions
In the care of the Solntsedar apple tree, it is unpretentious, however, for a good yield, several rules must be observed:
- The next year after planting, urea, ammonium nitrate or other nitrogen fertilizer is given every spring (in early April). At the budding stage, superphosphate and potassium are added. In summer, fertilize monthly with mullein 1:10 or chicken manure 1:20.
- Watering young trees of the Solntsedar apple tree is given every week, adults – 1-2 times a month, twice as often in drought.
- The soil is regularly loosened, weeding is carried out as necessary.
- In early spring, they make a sanitary, formative pruning of the Solntsedar apple tree, and also spray it with Bordeaux mixture or other fungicides to prevent fungal diseases.
To prevent the development of scab, trees are treated in spring and summer.
Collection and storage periods
Harvested in the first half of August. Already at the beginning of the month, you need to carefully examine the tree, since the fruits ripen quite quickly and begin to crumble in just 7-10 days. They are not intended for long-term storage.
Solntsedar apples should be consumed immediately or sent for harvesting. They make delicious jams, preserves and compotes. Fresh can be stored in a refrigerator or cellar at a temperature of 2-6 degrees Celsius for no more than 10 days.
Conclusion
The Solntsedar apple tree gives very beautiful medium-sized apples. It is unpretentious in care and can withstand even severe frosts. But fruiting can be irregular, so it is better to plant several trees at once.
