Contents
There are varieties of apple trees that have been grown in Our Country for a long time. More than one generation remembers the taste of their apples. One of the best is the White Filling apple tree. Its bulk apples are practically the first to open the season. The variety is an achievement of folk selection. It was first described in the book of the practical gardener Krasnoglazov “Rules of Fruit Growing”, which appeared in 1848. But in Bolotov’s works on fruit crops, there is no mention of this variety. Consequently, this variety of apple trees began to spread actively in the first half of the XNUMXth century. One of its most detailed descriptions is given in A.S. Gribnitsky
I.V. Michurin considered it the most hardy local variety and based on it he developed the famous Kitayka golden early. But there are still disputes about the origin of the White filling apple tree variety.
Origin of the variety
Many believe that White filling first appeared in the Baltics, but most likely this variety is and comes from the Volga region, where it has been found for a long time. Its other names are Bel, Dolgostebelka, Pudovshchina. But the variety Papirovka, very similar to White filling, really came to us from the Baltic coast in the second half of the XNUMXth century. This is evidenced by its name, which is translated from Polish as “paper apple”.
Recently, authoritative reference books do not distinguish between these varieties of apple trees, but back in the 30s of the last century they were described separately.
If you look closely, you can find a lot of differences between them. Let’s see how the White Filling apple tree and the Papirovka apple tree differ. To do this, we will compile a detailed description of the White Filling apple variety, compare it with Papirovka, look at the photo and read the reviews.
Description of the apple variety White filling
The variety is very durable, there are trees that live for more than 70 years and continue to produce, although not very large apples. The apple tree grows well in the middle lane and to the north, without freezing even in frosty winters.
Only the conditions of Eastern Siberia, the Northern Urals and the Far East are not suitable for him. But even there it can be bred in slate form.
The apple tree of the White filling variety is of medium size, it grows up to 5 m in height. It has a rounded crown. The bark of the tree is light grey. The leaves are ovate, green in color, more pubescent below. Their petioles are longer than those of other varieties of apple trees, hence one of the names of the variety – Dolgostebelka.
The apple-tree blossoms White filling in the middle terms. The flowers are white, rather large, saucer-shaped, sometimes a slight pink tint is noticeable on the petals.
In order for this variety of apples to produce a good harvest, it needs pollinators that will bloom with it at the same time. As a rule, these are also early varieties: Lungwort, Early Scarlet, Candy, Cypress, Golden Kitayka, Early Grushovka and Moscow Grushovka, Melba.
Late summer and autumn varieties are also suitable: Shtrifel, Glory to the winners, Zhigulevskoye. White filling is well pollinated with Antonovka planted nearby – a classic winter variety of apples.
The main advantage of an apple tree is its fruits. White filling is no exception. These delicious apples are loved by everyone who has tried them. High tasting score – 4,7 points is a confirmation of excellent taste. The shape of apples is round-conical.
Their size depends on the age of the tree: the older it is, the smaller the fruit. Young apple trees will delight with apples up to 200 g in weight. An adult tree has an average fruit weight of about 100 g. The color of apples changes as they ripen: at first they are greenish, then they turn white, and after hanging a little, they are filled with juice and practically translucent in the light. Bely filling apples ripen from the last decade of July to the second decade of August, depending on the region of cultivation. The ripening of apples is uneven, which allows you to collect them gradually. And this is very good, since the thin skin and delicate pulp do not allow them to be stored for more than a week, and with the slightest damage, they will become unusable in 3 days.
The taste of apples is highly dependent on the degree of ripeness. In slightly unripe fruits, it is sweet and sour, the sugar content gradually increases, and the taste becomes dessert, with a barely perceptible acid. Juice-filled apples are delicious. When cut, the juice spills out even from the seed chamber.
The harvest of apples in adult trees is quite large and can be up to 80 kg, and with good care – up to 200 kg, the first apples can be harvested already 4 years after planting a 2-year-old tree in the garden. With age, the fruiting of the apple tree becomes periodic.
This apple tree variety cannot be called commercial, it is completely unsuitable for transportation, and it is one of the best for a family garden. The white filling apple tree has only one serious drawback – a severe scab damage, especially in rainy summers. That is why it should not be planted in a lowland or where there is no sun for most of the day. It is very good if the crown of the tree is ventilated – there will be less dampness.
And now let’s compare this variety with Papirovka. For convenience, we summarize the main indicators in the table.
Comparative table of varieties White filling and Papirovka
| White filling | Papyrus |
Frost and sunburn resistance | Frost resistance is high, sunburn is slightly affected | Frost resistance is average, severely affected by sunburn |
Strength of growth | Average | Average |
Crown shape | Rounded | First pyramidal, then rounded |
Fruit weight and shape | Average weight: 80-100g, in young apple trees up to 200, the shape is round-conical | Average weight 80-100 g, round-conical shape, often conical ribbed with a clearly visible longitudinal seam |
Ripening dates in the middle lane | 10-25 August | 5-12 August |
Tendency to fall off | Only fruits affected by codling moth fall | In dry years, the fruits fall quite heavily. |
Disease resistance | The scab is severely affected | Scab is affected medium, affected by black cancer |
The table shows that these varieties of apple trees have differences. However, not everything is so simple here. Varietal characteristics of the apple tree are highly dependent on the place and growing conditions. Therefore, many varieties have local clones with properties that differ from the original variety. The large area of growth of the White Filling apple tree makes the appearance of various deviations from varietal characteristics very likely, especially if they are fixed in several generations propagated vegetatively. Most likely, all the variety of forms and clones, hiding under the common names White pouring and Papirovka, is caused precisely by these reasons.
Chemical composition and benefits
This variety of apples is rich in pectin – up to 10% of the weight of apples. The balanced composition of sugars, the share of which is 9%, and acids, which are only 0,9%, forms the unforgettable taste of White filling apples. But the greatest wealth of these fruits is the very high content of vitamin C – 21,8 mg for every 100 g of pulp. It is enough to eat only 3 apples to get the daily norm of ascorbic acid. It is a pity that the time of consumption of these fresh apples is very short. But they make excellent compotes and amber-colored fragrant jam. The absence of bright coloring pigments makes it possible to use these fruits in the diet of young children, since there is no allergy to them.
To enjoy these delicious preparations in winter, you need to properly care for the trees. White filling apple trees are planted both in autumn and in spring. Seedlings at the time of planting should be at rest. When planting in the fall, an apple seedling will need a month to take root before the onset of frost and freezing of the soil. Based on this, determine the landing time.
Planting pit preparation
This variety of apple trees is very tenacious and will grow almost anywhere, but a good harvest of large fruits can only be obtained if the following conditions are met:
- on the site there should not be a high standing of groundwater;
- the soil should be light in texture, highly nutritious, preferably loamy or sandy;
- the water on the site should not stagnate, therefore it is not worth planting a White filling in the lowland;
- the apple tree should be well lit by the sun;
- This variety does not tolerate drought, so there should be enough moisture in the soil.
A landing hole with a depth of 0,8 m and the same diameter is dug in advance, at least a month before planting. If it is carried out in the fall, it is enough to fill the pit with humus mixed with the top layer of soil in a ratio of 1: 1. It is good to add 0,5 l of ash there.
Attention! Fertilizer – 150 g each of potassium salt and superphosphate, sprinkle the soil in the trunk circle after planting.
When planting in the spring, fertilizers are applied to the last portion of the soil, which is sprinkled on the seedling. A peg is placed in the planting hole to tie up the planted young tree.
РџРѕСЃР ° РґРєР ° СЏР ± Р »РѕРЅРё
A young apple tree with an open root system is prepared for planting: the roots are inspected and the damaged ones are cut off, the cuts are treated with crushed coal, and soaked in water for 24 hours so that the seedling is saturated with moisture.
Prepared soil is poured into the pit so that a mound is obtained, 10 liters of water are poured out, an apple tree is established, carefully straightening the roots. They fall asleep the rest of the earth, sometimes shaking the seedling a little to remove air bubbles from the soil. Add earth mixed with fertilizers and pour another 10 liters of water.
The soil in the trunk circle is compacted and mulched.
Caring for young apple trees
At first, until the roots take root, a young tree needs to be watered every week – at least a bucket per seedling. In the future, watering is carried out as needed, preventing the soil from drying out.
Immediately after planting, the central shoot is shortened by 1/3 in a one-year-old apple tree seedling, and in a two-year-old, the side branches are also shortened. In the future, annual pruning will be required. Don’t forget about crop rationing. To do this, pluck some of the flowers, otherwise the apples will be small.
Top dressing should be carried out several times during the growing season so that apple trees do not experience nutritional deficiencies. In the spring and until mid-July, the apple tree needs 2-3 times feeding with a complete complex fertilizer, preferably in a soluble form, in order to apply it when watering. In autumn, you need to limit yourself only to potash and phosphorus fertilizers, but additionally mulch the trunk circle with humus. Young trees need protection from hares; for this, the trunks of apple trees are wrapped with any improvised material that allows air to pass through.
Apple tree White filling requires mandatory treatment against scab. Before bud break, copper-containing preparations and fungicides are used. During flowering, it is better to use whey.
In autumn, preventive treatment of apple trees with copper-containing preparations or fungicides is carried out, but only after the end of leaf fall. This must be done at positive temperatures.
If you follow all the rules for caring for trees, you are guaranteed a large harvest of tasty and healthy apples.
Reviews
