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Amenorrhea in a sexually mature woman is not always a sign of pregnancy. The problem cannot be underestimated, however, because period disorders can be a sign of serious health problems. It is also a result of stress or an inadequate diet. We check the most common causes of amenorrhea and the methods of treatment.
Amenorrhea – normal range
Although the lack of a period (Latin amenorrhea) in a sexually mature woman is one of the main signs of pregnancy, late menstruation is not always caused by conception. This applies even more to women who are sure that fertilization could not have taken place. In addition, two types of amenorrhea should be distinguished – primary (when a girl did not have the first menstruation up to the age of 16) and secondary (no period occurred for three consecutive cycles in a sexually mature woman). Both cases should be consulted with a gynecologist who will determine on the basis of specialist examinations the cause of the lack of bleeding.
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Usually, the menstrual cycle lasts from 26 to 32 days, which does not mean that there are no shorter (25 days) and longer (even 36 days) cycles that are still within the normal range. Irregular cycles can have teenagers and women around 40 who are slowly entering the period of menopause.
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Amenorrhea – the most common causes
Amenorrhea in a sexually mature woman is not always associated with changes in the hormonal balance, which include pregnancy, menopause or disease. Inappropriate diet, including frequent use of “junk” food or a drastic diet, can be a direct cause of delayed menstruation. In the opposite situation – a sudden weight gain – can also be expected cycle delays.
If a woman has started intense weight training, she may not get her period on the expected date as well. Travel (e.g. change of time zone) and stressful situations (change of job) and exhaustion of the body (too many duties) also affect the lack of menstruation. Taking antibiotics while you are ill can also delay your cycle.
Amenorrhea and hormonal disorders
In addition to the lifestyle and random events (e.g. flu), hormonal changes can also affect a delayed period. The most common causes include hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, which is an excess or deficiency of hormones. In this case, it is worth consulting both a gynecologist and an endocrinologist. Tumors on the ovaries can also be causing a missed period. Diabetes mellitus, progressive Alzheimer’s disease and gallbladder failure are other causes of a delayed period. Each of the mentioned accidents should be immediately consulted with a specialist.
It is also worth performing a diagnostic package of hormonal tests for women, thanks to which you can check if the hormonal balance is not disturbed. Comprehensive hormone testing allows you to detect not only the causes of menstrual problems, but also dermatological changes, fertility problems and mood swings.
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Amenorrhea – polycystic ovary syndrome
Menstrual disorders can cause polycystic ovary syndrome. In this case, the period may be completely gone or the periods will be very tight. Additional alarm signals are: abnormal hair (around the face or upper arm), a change in voice timbre, male pattern baldness and the following seborrheic changes.
Amenorrhea – basic research
In the event of a prolonged absence of a period, a pregnancy test should be performed (for women who have had intercourse between one cycle and another). If the test is negative, it can be repeated or you can go directly to the gynecologist for a thorough examination. A specialist may refer the patient to a hormone test, as well as perform an ultrasound of the reproductive organs.
Amenorrhea – methods of treatment
How amenorrhea is treated will depend on the cause you diagnose. Often, the doctor prescribes hormone pills, but this is not the only treatment method, which many women forget when going to an appointment. The gynecologist may refer the patient to additional tests. Changing your lifestyle or introducing new eating habits can also help. However, it is worth remembering not to introduce changes drastically, because the next cycle will also be delayed.
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