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Children and adults of both sexes suffer from it. 20% of cases run in families. The cause is unknown. Genetic factors, the influence of mental stress, endocrine gland disorders (especially thyroid gland), and immune disorders are considered.
Usually, without any subjective symptoms, one or more round or oval lesions, 1 to 5 cm in diameter, without hair, suddenly appear on the scalp. The skin in these foci is usually creamy-yellowish in color, rarely slightly red. These foci may overgrow spontaneously, but they may also enlarge or appear new ones, so that sometimes the entire scalp is hairless. In exceptional cases, eyebrows, eyelashes, facial hair, armpit and pubic hair, and even a hair follicle can also fall out. This is known as malignant alopecia areata and the prognosis for regrowth is unfavorable.
Treatment
The dermatologist may try several general methods and topical treatments with lotions that slightly irritate the skin and thus stimulate hair regrowth.
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