6 reasons to see an endocrinologist

With the modern pace of life, we often feel tired. Even after a full sleep, when we need to be alert and energetic, we seem to be exhausted and depressed. If fatigue is not due to normal overwork, poor health may be caused by stress or malfunctioning of the thyroid gland. Dysfunction of this organ is not uncommon for a modern person.

According to ^[1]published by the American Cancer Society, about 100 cases of thyroid cancer are diagnosed per 000 people each year. At the same time, women are diagnosed with this diagnosis three times more often than men.

The thyroid gland in its shape resembles a butterfly, and the size of its lobes depends on the individual characteristics of the structure, age and gender. They can vary within the following limits: the vertical size of each lobe can reach from 2,5 to 4 cm, the isthmus – from 0,5 to 1,5 cm, the width of the lobe is up to 2 cm, the thickness in the region of the lobes is about 1,5 cm ^[2]. It is localized under the larynx, in the anterior lower part of the neck. Its two lobes, connected by an isthmus, cover the trachea. The pituitary gland controls the functioning of the thyroid gland, which, in turn, receives commands from the hypothalamus. This is the area of ​​the brain that connects the nervous and endocrine systems. Specific hormones produced by the thyroid gland coordinate many vital functions. Consider the main signs that may indicate the pathology of the thyroid gland.

1. Sudden weight change and swelling

The thyroid gland, regulating the metabolism in the body, can affect the rate of metabolic processes. An unreasonable sharp increase or decrease in weight may indicate a malfunction in the body. With a deficiency of hormones produced by the gland, the metabolism slows down, fewer calories are required to maintain the basic functions of the body.

At the same time, a person feels tired, may complain of general poor health and loses appetite. This entails a slowdown in bowel function, a decrease in the amount of digestive enzymes and, as a result, calories consumed. Also, if the thyroid gland fails, swelling can occur, which affects the increase in body weight. Any of the described symptoms should be a reason to see a doctor.

2. Deterioration of the skin and hair

Common external signs of thyroid disorders are problems with the skin, hair and nails. Hair becomes dry, loses shine and falls out more than usual. The nails break and exfoliate, and the skin may experience peeling, a feeling of dryness and tightness. All this is due to hormonal deficiency, which develops as a result of hypothyroidism – a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones. Against the background of an excess of thyroid hormones – hyperthyroidism – on the contrary, pronounced sweating is observed. The special treatment prescribed by the endocrinologist after the examination will help restore the hormonal balance.

3. Violation of the menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle and ovulation are also influenced by the thyroid gland, as it regulates the functioning of the ovaries. Thyroid dysfunction can lead to serious malfunctions in the female reproductive system, up to the complete cessation of menstruation and the development of infertility. You should see a doctor if your cycle is unstable. You may be experiencing thyroid problems.

4. Pain in muscles and joints

Thyroid dysfunction can cause a variety of muscle and related joint symptoms. For example, it may become difficult to climb stairs or raise your arms above your head. Signs of a malfunction of the gland can be general muscle weakness and pain, stiffness and stiffness, as well as carpal tunnel syndrome – pain, tingling, weakness, soreness or numbness in the hand, fingers or forearm. These symptoms are due to swelling of the membranes that compress the nerve in the forearm.

5. Discomfort in the neck

Hoarseness and unusual sensations in the neck, changes in voice, or a feeling of “lump in the throat” can be signs of a thyroid malfunction. One way to check for this is to examine the neck for any signs of gland enlargement. Feeling of choking in the neck, sore throat and cough – if you find any of these symptoms, you should consult your doctor.

6. Fatigue, nervousness and depression

Thyroid disorders affect our mood and can cause irritability or depression. You may suddenly notice excessive sensitivity behind you: tearfulness unusual for you or unreasonable anxiety.

Pathologies of the thyroid gland can provoke apathy, fatigue, sleep disturbance and many other symptoms that are usually attributed to fatigue or some kind of disease. Paying attention to the malfunction of various body systems, a person often turns to a therapist or other doctors of various profiles, but it is likely that an endocrinologist can identify the cause of the disease.

Prevention of thyroid pathologies

The earlier the diagnosis is established, the higher the chances of successful treatment – this statement is true for any disease, including cancer. In order to detect the pathology of the thyroid gland in time, pay attention to your condition and do not neglect the annual visits to the endocrinologist.

Lead a healthy lifestyle: get enough sleep, devote at least half an hour to sports every day, but avoid too heavy loads, and also give up addictions – smoking and drinking alcohol.

Eat varied. Iodine-rich foods are especially important for maintaining thyroid health. The diet should include seafood and algae, as well as fish and eggs.

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