The quality of food determines the level of health for any person. Using a properly selected diet can solve almost all physiological problems: lose weight or gain weight, normalize sugar levels or lower cholesterol. For simple tasks, there are a lot of simple diets, and in a more difficult situation, treatment methods are used.
Modern dietology uses medical diets compiled in the middle of the last century. Despite the prescription of their formation, the principles of these diets have not been refuted by modern scientists and are still working effectively. The author of these techniques, Manuil Pevzner, devoted his scientific activity to the creation of a cycle of therapeutic diets. Thanks to this, we still use them today in sanatoriums, hospitals, and at home.
The system consists of 16 diets, which are called treatment tables. Each such table is assigned a serial number from zero to 15: table No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and so on. Some of these diets are divided into subspecies: No. 1a, No. 4b, No. 7a. All tables are made taking into account the physiological needs of the body against the background of various diseases. Diets of therapeutic nutrition are prescribed for use depending on the severity and type of the disease:
No. 0 – for patients in serious condition after brain injuries, operations on the gastrointestinal tract, with infectious diseases.
No. 1 – with gastritis with high acidity, after an exacerbation of peptic ulcer during remission and recovery:
- 1 table – exacerbation of gastritis and peptic ulcer;
- 1b table – in the first days after exacerbations of peptic ulcer and gastritis with high acidity.
No. 2 – not exacerbated chronic colitis, decreased acidity of the stomach, gastritis with a lack of acidity, gastric achilia.
No. 3 – for diseases of the digestive system with difficult bowel movements (constipation) or its absence.
No. 4 – for the treatment of intestinal diseases accompanied by diarrhea; colitis with diarrhea; gastroenterocolitis:
- 4 table – exacerbation of colitis and enteritis with diarrhea;
- 4b table – attenuation of diseases accompanied by diarrhea;
- 4в table – during the period of compensation of chronic enteritis and colitis.
No. 5 – in case of recovery and remission after hepatitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis:
- 5 table – exacerbation of hepatitis and liver diseases;
- 5p table – pancreatitis without complications and exacerbation.
6 – for diathesis and gout.
No. 7 – during the recovery period after nephritis, hypertension:
- 7 table is a severe form of acute jade.
No. 8 – with excessive deposition of adipose tissue – obesity.
No. 9 – mild to moderate diabetes mellitus.
No. 10 – for the treatment of pathologies of the heart and blood vessels:
- 10 table – severe circulatory disorders;
- 10b table – after myocardial infarction;
- table 10с – damage to brain structures caused by cardiovascular diseases.
No. 11 – tuberculosis of bones and lungs, anemia.
No. 12 – disorders of the nervous system of the functional plan.
No. 13 – for infections in acute form, typhoid fever.
No. 14 – excretion of salts in the urine.
No. 15 – nutritious nutrition for patients without complications and exacerbations of diseases.
After passing the prescribed diet, it is important for patients to continue to adhere to the basic principles of proper nutrition within the framework of the existing disease. Compliance with all recommendations of the proposed diet will shorten the period of drug therapy and allow the patient to quickly return to a full and vigorous life.
- Sources of
- Pevzner M. I. – Fundamentals of clinical nutrition. – 3rd edition (revised), 1958