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Sometimes a healthy lifestyle and diet are not enough to enjoy good health. There is also a need for prophylaxis. Only appropriate tests, performed regularly, allow early detection of the disease and introduce appropriate treatment. The same scheme also works in the case of cancer. What tests are worth doing to avoid cancer?
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1/ 9 Blood test
The basic diagnostic test is blood count. It is based on the assessment of the morphotic elements of the blood, which allows to determine the general state of health. Thanks to this, it is also possible to recognize inflammation, infection, anemia and other disease processes that may suggest the development of neoplastic disease. The blood level can also be used to determine the level of tumor markers, e.g. PSA antigen – used in the monitoring of prostate diseases, or CA 125 antigen – a non-specific marker helpful in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Photo: BE&W
2/ 9 Ultrasound examination
The ultrasound examination allows you to visualize (on the monitor) the structure of the internal organs that are within the range of the waves emitted by the head. This examination may include: the abdominal cavity, thyroid gland, breasts, and genitourinary organs. Ultrasound allows for detecting possible abnormalities in the structure of organs and determining the causes of many diseases. Ultrasonography is used as a preliminary examination in the diagnosis of cancers of the genitourinary organs, as well as of the abdominal cavity and pelvis. Photo: Shutterstock
3/ 9 Regular Pap smears
Regular smear tests can detect precancerous conditions and prevent the development of cervical cancer. Early detection of changes gives a very good chance of complete recovery. Cytology also enables detection of genital tract infections and abnormal cells that could potentially turn into cancer cells. However, in order to detect the disease in good time, cytology should be performed regularly. It is a good idea to perform a cytology once a year or more frequently if the result of the last test was abnormal. Photo: Shutterstock
4/ 9 Chest X-ray
Chest X-ray is an imaging examination that visualizes the lungs, airways, heart, vessels, as well as the bones of the chest and parts of the spine. In adults, chest X-ray should be performed every two years during periodic examinations, and in people working in harmful conditions or smoking – once a year. This test is one of the basic tests in detecting primary and secondary lung and mediastinal tumors as well as lymphomas. Photo: Shutterstock
5/ 9 Mammography
Mammography is a type of x-ray. According to the recommendations, mammography should be performed every two years in women aged 40 to 50 and once a year in women over 50. It is used as a screening test to detect early neoplastic changes in women who have not noticed disturbing symptoms. It is also used to diagnose breast diseases in women who have sensed a lump or have other disturbing ailments, among others. breast soreness or discharge. Photo: Shutterstock
6/ 9 Endoscopic examination
Endoscopic examination allows you to see the organs from the inside. It takes place with the help of a flexible instrument that is introduced into the body and ends with a camera. During the examination, it is also possible to download biopsies that are used in further diagnosis. Endoscopy enables examination of the large intestine (colonoscopy), stomach (gastroscopy), vagina (colposcopy), bladder (ureteroscopy), as well as the larynx (laryngoscopy) and bronchial tubes (bronchoscopy). How to prepare for a colonoscopy? – read more Fot: Shutterstock
7/ 9 Computed tomography
Computed tomography is an organ imaging technique that uses X-rays. Its essence is to reproduce organs in various sections and layers on the film. This examination makes it possible to locate the focus of the disease even a few millimeters in diameter. The obtained image allows for the layered examination of the tissues. This allows an analysis to be made
8/ 9 Breast self-examination
Breast self-examination should be carried out regularly, once a month. If, while checking the breasts, a disturbing lump, fold or suspicious changes are detected, you should see a doctor. Self-control can be performed, for example, in front of a mirror (standing or sitting), and also lying down. Photo: Shutterstock
9/ 9 Self-examination of the skin
Skin self-monitoring is an important factor in the early detection of potentially dangerous neoplastic skin lesions. It is therefore important to check the body regularly by carefully examining the body. Pay particular attention to the spaces between the toes, the skin on the inside of the feet, under the armpits, behind the ears, in the hair, on the nape and in the groin. You also need to control the condition (size, color) of birthmarks or already existing spots. In case of disturbing symptoms, a medical consultation should be sought. Photo: Shutterstock