Vaccination against coronavirus infection has begun in Moscow. Experts talked about how to prepare for the procedure and how long it takes to develop immunity.
Chief physician of the city polyclinic number 2
What drug is used for vaccination? (Galina)
“The Russian vaccine Sputnik V (Gam-Covid-Vac), developed by the Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, is used,” says Natalya Shindryaeva, chief physician of the city polyclinic # 2. – It is based on vectors created in the laboratory – carriers of adenoviruses. They contain only part of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus gene, that is, the vaccine is safe for the body. She has already proven herself well, according to studies, the effectiveness exceeds 95%. The drug is two-component, so vaccination takes place in two stages.
Do I need to somehow prepare for the vaccination procedure and how long does it take? (Evgeny Sorokin)
– On the day of vaccination, the patient undergoes a medical examination at the clinic. He is measured temperature, pressure, pulse and oxygen saturation (blood oxygen saturation). If the indicators are normal, the doctor begins to prepare the drug. This takes about 15 minutes – the vaccine is stored frozen. After the injection, another half hour is spent on observation and post-vaccination examination. The patient is issued a certificate with a mark about the first vaccination and is recorded for the second – it must be done in 21 days.
How long does it take to develop immunity? (Tatyana)
– It takes about 42 days from the first injection of the vaccine for the body’s defense systems to learn to recognize the virus and fight it. But no vaccine gives a 100% guarantee, therefore, even if antibodies have developed in the body, you need to take care of your own safety.
I am 52 years old, I am allergic. Can I get the coronavirus vaccine? (Olga Gennadevna)
– The vaccine is intended for the prevention of coronavirus in persons aged 18 to 60 years. That is, people older and younger cannot get vaccinated yet. Contraindications are the same as for any vaccination: hypersensitivity to one of the components, allergic reactions, acute, chronic and infectious diseases, pregnancy, lactation. If you have suffered from ARVI, the vaccination can be done no earlier than two weeks later. After getting the flu vaccine, it should take at least 30 days.
I have diabetes, but I really want to sign up for a vaccination. Is it possible?
Margaret
“Diabetes is not a contraindication for vaccination, but the presence of this disease should be taken into account by the doctor,” says Maria Ordzhonikidze. – The drug does not provoke a complication, but it is necessary to assess the readiness of the body to develop protective antibodies. If he is weakened, in serious condition, then the effectiveness of vaccination may be reduced. In itself, the presence of chronic diseases is not a contraindication, but it is important that they are in remission.
Can I infect loved ones after I get vaccinated? Are there any restrictions after vaccination? (Larissa)
– Since the vaccine does not contain a live virus, a person is not a carrier of the disease. At the same time, he himself must comply with all preventive measures – wear a mask and gloves in public places, maintain a distance and, if possible, limit contacts.
Doctor of the highest category, chief physician of the Nearmedic network of clinics
I can’t decide whether to get vaccinated or wait. What should you focus on? (Michael)
“The decision on vaccination is made by the person himself, this is a voluntary matter, which, however, should be based not on information from social networks, but on data from reliable scientific sources,” says Maria Ordzhonikidze, a doctor of the highest category, chief physician of the Nearmedik network of clinics. – Before drawing conclusions, it is necessary to undergo research. First, PCR diagnostics to find out if you are a carrier of the infection at the moment. Secondly, a blood test for class G antibodies is required. This will allow you to find out if you have long-term immunity to the coronavirus. If any of these tests are positive, vaccination is contraindicated. If the PCR detects the presence of a virus, you are sick at the moment. Antibodies found – the body already has its own defenses. But we must remember that after an illness, antibodies do not persist in the body forever. According to the latest data, the average period is 3-4 months. Therefore, after recovery in 3-4 weeks, the first assessment of the presence of antibodies in the body is necessary, and then every 3-4 months it is recommended to repeat the test and monitor changes. Depending on the results, the doctor decides whether to vaccinate.
I read that after vaccination, malaise is possible. Is it so? (Valentine)
– After vaccination, the temperature may rise to 39 degrees, muscle weakness, nausea, headache, pain at the injection site. The duration of such phenomena does not exceed 3 days. To alleviate the condition, you can take antipyretic drugs. If the reaction to the vaccine lasts longer, you should consult a doctor. It is required to refrain from taking alcoholic beverages for 3 days before and 3 days after vaccination. 3-5 days after the procedure, you should not visit the bathhouse or sauna.
How quickly are antibodies produced after vaccination? (Olga)
– After being vaccinated with Sputnik V, you do not receive protection immediately. Antibodies to the virus are produced within 21 days after each of the two injections.
How long does the vaccine last? (Irina)
– Now it is difficult to say how long antibodies remain in the body after vaccination. In all, the immune system reacts individually (depending on lifestyle, age, past diseases and many other factors). Therefore, it is impossible to program the immune response, it can only be studied, which is what doctors and scientists are doing now.
Note
Vaccination against coronavirus is free of charge, you can sign up for the procedure on the mos.ru website, through the emias.info service or the Moscow State Services mobile application. 70 vaccination points were opened on the basis of urban adult polyclinics. The recording is available two weeks in advance. If necessary, the application can be canceled using the same services. As a matter of priority, vaccination of residents who are at risk is carried out. These are medical and social workers, teachers.
The first Russian vaccine against coronavirus “Sputnik-V” was registered on August 11, 2020. It is planned that the second one, EpiVacCorona, will become available in the near future. It was developed by the State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”.
Irina Lomanova, Anna Gerasimenko