Lentils, grains

Nutritional value and chemical composition .

The energy value is 295 kcal.

• A glass of 250 ml = 210 g (619.5 kcal)
• A glass of 200 ml = 170 g (501.5 kcal)

• Vitamin B1 is part of key enzymes of carbohydrate and energy metabolism, providing the body with energy and plastic compounds as well as the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. The lack of this vitamin leads to serious disorders of the nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems.
• Vitamin B2 is involved in redox reactions, contributes to the susceptibility of the colors of the visual analyzer and the dark adaptation. Insufficient intake of vitamin B2 is accompanied by a violation of the health of the skin, mucous membranes, impaired light and twilight vision.
• Choline is part of lecithin that plays a role in the synthesis and metabolism of phospholipids in the liver, is a source of free methyl groups, acts as a lipotropic factor.
• Vitamin B5 is involved in protein, fat, carbohydrate metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, the synthesis of several hormones, hemoglobin, and promotes the absorption of amino acids and sugars in the gut, supports the function of the adrenal cortex. Lack of Pantothenic acid can lead to skin lesions and mucous membranes.
• Vitamin B6 is involved in maintaining the immune response, the processes of inhibition and excitation in the Central nervous system, in the transformation of amino acids, tryptophan metabolism, lipids and nucleic acids contributes to the normal formation of red blood cells, the maintenance of normal levels of homocysteine in the blood. Insufficient intake of vitamin B6 is accompanied by loss of appetite, impaired the health of the skin, the development of the found, and anemia.
• Vitamin B9 as a coenzyme involved in the metabolism of nucleic and amino acids. Folate deficiency leads to impaired synthesis of nucleic acids and protein, resulting in inhibition of growth and cell division, especially in a fast-proliferous tissues: bone marrow, intestinal epithelium, etc. Inadequate intake of folate during pregnancy is one of the causes of prematurity, malnutrition, congenital malformations, and child developmental disorders. Shown the strong Association between levels of folate, homocysteine and risk of cardiovascular disease.
• Vitamin PP is involved in redox reactions and energy metabolism. Insufficient intake of vitamin accompanied by a disturbance of the normal condition of the skin, gastrointestinal tract and nervous system.
• Potassium is the main intracellular ion that participates in the regulation of water, electrolyte and acid balance, is involved in conducting nerve impulses, regulation of blood pressure.
• Silicon is included as a structural component in the composition of gag and collagen synthesis.
• Magnesium is involved in energy metabolism and protein synthesis, nucleic acids, has a stabilizing effect for membranes, is essential for maintaining homeostasis of calcium, potassium and sodium. Deficiency of magnesium leads to hypomagnesemia, increase the risk of developing hypertension, heart disease.
• Phosphorus is involved in many physiological processes, including energy metabolism, regulates the acid-alkaline balance, is part of the phospholipids, nucleotides and nucleic acids needed for mineralization of bones and teeth. Deficiency leads to anorexia, anemia, rickets.
• Iron is included with different functions of proteins, including enzymes. Involved in the transport of electrons, oxygen, allows the flow of redox reactions and the activation of peroxidation. Inadequate intake leads to hypochromic anemia, myoglobinaemia atonia of skeletal muscles, fatigue, cardiomyopathy, chronic atrophic gastritis.
• Cobalt is part of vitamin B12. Activates the enzymes in the metabolism of fatty acids and metabolism of folic acid.
• Manganese is involved in the formation of bone and connective tissue, is part of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, catecholamines; required for synthesis of cholesterol and nucleotides. Insufficient consumption is accompanied by growth retardation, disorders of the reproductive system, increased fragility of the bone, disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
• Copper is part of the enzymes with redox activity and is involved in iron metabolism, stimulates the absorption of proteins and carbohydrates. Involved in the processes of human body tissues with oxygen. The deficiency is manifested by impaired formation of the cardiovascular system and skeletal development of connective tissue dysplasia.
• Molybdenum is a cofactor of many enzymes, providing the metabolism of sulphur-containing amino acids, purines and pyrimidines.
• Selenium – an essential element of the antioxidant defense system of the human body, has immunomodulatory effects, is involved in the regulation of the action of thyroid hormones. Deficiency leads to the Kashin-Bek disease (osteoarthritis with multiple deformity of the joints, spine, and extremities), disease Kesan (endemic cardiomyopathy), hereditary thrombasthenia.
• Chromium is involved in the regulation of blood glucose levels, enhancing insulin action. Deficiency leads to a decrease in glucose tolerance.
• Zinc is included in more than 300 enzymes involved in the processes of synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, nucleic acids and in the regulation of expression of several genes. Inadequate intake leads to anemia, secondary immunodeficiency, liver cirrhosis, sexual dysfunction, presence of malformations of the fetus. The recent studies revealed the ability of high doses of zinc to break the copper absorption and thus contribute to development of anemia.

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Energy value or calorific value is the amount of energy released in the human body from food during digestion. Energy value of the product is measured in kilo-calories (kcal) or kilo-joules (kJ) per 100 grams. product. Kilocalorie, used to measure the energy value of food, also called the “food calorie”, so if you specify a caloric value in (kilo)calories prefix kilo is often omitted. Extensive tables of energy values for the Russian products you can see .

Nutritional value — content of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the product.

Nutritional value of a food product — a set of properties of a food product, the presence of which to satisfy the physiological needs of a person in the necessary substances and energy.

Vitamins areorganic substances needed in small quantities in the diet of both human and most vertebrates. Synthesis of vitamins, as a rule, is carried out by plants, not animals. The daily requirement of vitamins is only a few milligrams or micrograms. In contrast to inorganic vitamins are destroyed during heating. Many vitamins are unstable and “lost” during cooking or processing food.