General description of the disease
This disease is closely related to an increase in blood pressure of a periodic or constant nature. The norm for a healthy person is considered to be a pressure of 120 to 80 mm Hg. The top indicator is systolic pressure, which shows the number of contractions of the heart walls. The bottom indicator is diastolic pressure, which displays the amount of relaxation of the walls of the heart.
The reasons for the development of hypertension
One of the main reasons for the development of hypertension is the narrowing of the lumen between small vessels, which leads to impaired blood flow. As a result, the pressure on the walls of the vessels increases, and the arterial pressure also increases accordingly. This is because the heart needs more strength to push the blood along the stream.
Also, hypertension may appear against the background of diabetes mellitus, obesity, kidney disease, in the presence of bad habits (especially smoking), while maintaining a sedentary (sedentary) lifestyle.
People with obesity who have reached the age of 55 (for males) and 65 (for females) are at risk. This should include people who have relatives with cardiovascular diseases.
In addition, blood pressure may increase if the thyroid gland malfunctions, coarctation (narrowing of the aorta), or if there is a heart defect.
In general, all risk factors can be divided into 2 large groups.
- 1 The first group includes risk factors that can be adjusted by healthcare professionals. Namely: high cholesterol levels, obesity, diabetes, smoking.
- 2 The second group includes reasons that, unfortunately, cannot be influenced. This includes heredity and age.
Hypertension degree
There are 3 degrees of hypertension: mild, moderate and severe.
- RџSЂRё mild form (hypertension 1 degree) the level of blood pressure is in the range from 140/90 mm Hg to 159/99 mm Hg. Hypertension of the first degree is characterized by an abrupt increase in blood pressure. The pressure can independently come to normal values and suddenly rise again.
- RџSЂRё moderate form (hypertension 2 degree) the upper indicator fluctuates in the region of 160 – 179 mm Hg, and the lower indicator is at the level of 100 – 109 mm Hg. For a given degree of hypertension, a more prolonged increase in pressure is characteristic, which rarely returns to normal on its own.
- RџSЂRё severe form (hypertension 3 degree) the systolic pressure is above 180 mm Hg, and the diastolic pressure is above 110 mm Hg. With this form of hypertension, high blood pressure persists in the area of pathological indicators.
With the wrong treatment of hypertension or in its absence, the first degree smoothly turns into the second, and then abruptly into the third degree.
With prolonged indifference, there may be РіРёРїРµСЂС‚РѕРЅРёС ‡ еский РєСЂРёР ·.
A hypertensive crisis is a sudden, sharp, but short-term increase in blood pressure.
The cause of a hypertensive crisis is a violation of the mechanisms that regulate the level of blood pressure, as well as a disorder of blood circulation in the internal organs. Such disruptions can occur due to a sharp change in the psycho-emotional state, salt abuse, a sharp change in the weather.
A hypertensive crisis can take several forms (neuro-vegetative, edematous or convulsive). Each form has its own characteristics. Let’s take a look at everything separately.
- RџSЂRё neuro-vegetative form the patient has a tremor of the hands, dry mouth, uncontrolled (unconditioned) feeling of fear, heartbeat increases, the patient is in a state of overexcitation.
- RџSЂRё edematous form the patient has persistent drowsiness, swelling of the eyelids, confusion.
- RџSЂRё convulsive form the patient suffers from convulsions up to loss of consciousness. This form of hypertensive crisis is the most dangerous and complex.
Complications of a hypertensive crisis
A hypertensive crisis can provoke myocardial infarction, pulmonary and cerebral edema, disrupt blood circulation in the brain and lead to death.
It should be noted that hypertensive crisis is more common among women.
Symptoms of hypertension and hypertensive crisis
Most often, patients suffer from severe headache in the occiput, temples and crown. It intensifies during mental and physical exertion.
This disease is characterized by pain in the region of the heart. Basically, pain of a aching nature, radiating to the scapula. But they can also be short-term stabbing.
Also, with hypertension, there is a rapid heartbeat, the appearance of “flies” before the eyes, dizziness and dizziness.
Useful foods for hypertension
Treatment of hypertension initially begins with dietary adjustments (regardless of the tactics chosen). In most cases, as practice shows, this technique is sufficient to normalize blood pressure and maintain it within normal limits.
The first priority in hypertensive disease is weight control through reasonable calorie restriction.
Everyone knows that excess weight contributes to the development of hypertension, so if the patient’s actual weight is much more than normal, it is necessary to reduce the calorie content of meals. It is worth noting that this reduction should not be accomplished by fasting or excluding protein from intake. It is necessary to limit the use of sweet, flour, fatty foods.
The rule of reducing salt intake is not inferior in importance.
When preparing food, only one teaspoon of salt can be used in dishes per day. To enhance the taste characteristics of dishes, it is recommended to use various herbs, herbs and spices. You can also buy low sodium salt at the store (regular salt tastes the same).
It is better to replace foods rich in cholesterol with additional amounts of vegetable oil, fruits, vegetables, lean meats and fish.
From dairy products, it is better to opt for low-calorie or low-fat products.
It is imperative to add more foods rich in magnesium and potassium to the patient’s diet. These trace elements increase the resistance of the heart muscles to the effects of harmful factors, strengthen the nervous system, enhance the excretory function of the kidneys, and reduce the tendency of blood vessels to spasm.
You can replenish the body with magnesium and potassium by eating prunes, pumpkin, apricot, potatoes, cabbage, rose hips, bananas, bran bread, millet, oatmeal, buckwheat, carrots, black currants, parsley, beets, lettuce.
To normalize blood pressure, it is necessary to add foods rich in vitamin C to the diet.It helps to strengthen the walls of blood vessels. Vitamin C is found in large quantities in sea buckthorn, citrus fruits, black currants, Sudanese rose flowers and rose hips. To increase its intake, you need to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, if possible, reduce their heat treatment.
These dietary guidelines and a healthy lifestyle will help stabilize blood pressure.
Traditional medicine for hypertension
For a long time, traditional medicine has been used to treat high blood pressure. Phytotherapy (herbal treatment) is considered the most effective technique. The therapy is based on medicinal plants with sedative (sedative) properties. These include: chamomile, hawthorn, lemon balm, peppermint, rose hips. Honey, citrus fruits and green tea are also used to lower blood pressure.
Traditional medicine helps to reduce the development of hypertension. There are many recipes, so let’s look at the most effective and common ones.
- For a quick release of pressure, compresses on the heels of 5% or apple cider vinegar are recommended. They need to moisten a piece of cloth on a plain base and apply to the heels for 5-10 minutes. It is worth noting that the method works well, so you need to monitor the pressure so as not to lower it too much. After the pressure level has returned to normal, the compress must be removed. Mustard foot baths are also helpful.
- Take 2 heads of garlic (small size), place in a saucepan with a glass of milk, bring to a boil. Cook until the garlic is tender. Filter. Take 2 teaspoon three times a day for 1 weeks. It is better to cook this decoction of garlic daily, a maximum of once every two days.
- Take the mulberry root, rinse thoroughly, remove the bark from it, grind, pour a glass of water, boil for 15-20 minutes, insist for a day. You need to drink this broth instead of water.
- You can drink pomegranate peel tea in unlimited quantities. This tea lowers blood pressure smoothly, without sudden changes.
- With the sclerotic form of hypertension, it is necessary to eat several times a day for a small onion and one clove of garlic during meals.
- To reduce pressure, valerian decoctions are also used. To prepare it, you need to take 10 grams of valerian rhizomes, rinse, grind, pour a glass of hot water, boil over medium heat for 7-10 minutes. Then the broth must be left to infuse for 2 hours. Then it is filtered. Drink a quarter of a glass at a time 3-4 times a day.
- In case of hypertension, one of the effective plants is considered to be meadow clover, collected during the period of full flowering. To prepare a medicinal decoction, use a teaspoon of flowers. This number of inflorescences is poured with 250 ml of boiled water and left to infuse for an hour. Take 1,5 glasses a day (you can drink only ½ part of a glass at a time).
- To eliminate headaches and improve sleep, take an infusion of calendula. For 20 grams of calendula flowers, you need 100 ml of vodka. You need to insist in a cool dark place for 7 days. You need to take 25-30 drops per dose. The number of receptions is three.
- With the task of normalizing pressure, juice from hawthorn and beet, taken in a ratio of 1 to one, copes well. They drink such concentrated juice 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
- Lingonberry juice will perfectly cope with excess fluid in the body. It must be taken regularly and swelling under the eyes, swelling of the ankles, feet – as it were. Lingonberry is one of those berries that retain their abilities even after freezing.
- With regular consumption of potatoes in their uniforms, the pressure is normalized on its own without medication. The same goes for blue honeysuckle. Medicinal tea is made from fresh berries.
- A good remedy for night anxiety and insomnia is a pumpkin decoction with honey. To prepare this broth, you need to boil 200 grams of diced pumpkin. There should be a little water (it should only cover the pumpkin). Boil until tender, then strain. Add a teaspoon of honey to ⅓ glass of broth and drink it 30 minutes before bedtime.
When using the methods of traditional medicine, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of your body (namely, the presence of allergic or any other reactions). Also, you need to constantly monitor the level of pressure, regularly undergo examinations and go to consultations with specialists.
Dangerous and harmful foods for hypertension
With increased blood pressure, it is necessary to limit the consumption of salty, fatty, spicy and sweet foods.
Hypertensive patients are strictly prohibited from eating smoked meats, pickles, marinades, chips, salted cheeses, and preservation. It is required to give up the habit of adding salt to ready-made food (if any). This is due to the fact that the excess amount of sodium in the body delays the excretion of water (vasoconstriction of a spastic nature occurs) and, as a result, the level of pressure rises.
Also, you should exclude from the diet of sick dishes rich in cholesterol (brains, internal organs of animals, caviar).
Sour cream, cheeses, sausages, bacon, cutlets, butter, margarine must be replaced with fresh vegetables and fruits. This transition should take place gradually, without sudden changes.
Products containing caffeine are contraindicated: strong tea, coffee, alcohol, soda, hot spices.
Do not combine dairy products with foods rich in magnesium and potassium. With this combination, the assimilation of these microelements is reduced to a minimum.
It is strictly forbidden to smoke, lead a sedentary lifestyle and gain excess weight, work night shifts and sleep less than 7 hours a day.
Attention!
The administration is not responsible for any attempt to use the information provided, and does not guarantee that it will not harm you personally. The materials cannot be used to prescribe treatment and make a diagnosis. Always consult your specialist doctor!